Abstract
Lipid and lipoprotein levels are determined genetically as well as heavily affected by lifestyle. Elevated LDL-C is causative of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Therapies reducing LDL-C levels such as statins, ezetimibe, and PCSK9 inhibitors are used for primary and secondary ASCVD prevention. Evidence shows that low and very low LDL-C levels are safe and lead to better clinical outcomes. Severe hypertriglyceridemia is associated with increased risk of pancreatitis, while moderate hypertriglyceridemia is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Niacin, fibrates, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are main triglyceride-lowering agents. Low HDL-C is a marker of increased cardiovascular risk, but not a target of therapy. The discipline of clinical lipidology is more complex than ever with personalized approach to risk assessment and emerging new therapies.
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Wójcik, C. (2022). Dyslipidemias. In: Paulman, P.M., Taylor, R.B., Paulman, A.A., Nasir, L.S. (eds) Family Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54441-6_126
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54441-6_126
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