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Sleep in Seizure Disorders

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Sleep Neurology

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Abstract

In this chapter, we discuss sleep-related epilepsy, co-morbidity, differential diagnosis and the association with sleep disorders. The impairment of cognitive capabilities and the role of sleep-epileptic network are also additionally discussed. Some epilepsy syndromes occur primarily during sleep and others primarily upon awakening. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine uses the term sleep-related epilepsy (SRE) for the following epilepsies: sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE), benign focal epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes, Panayiotopoulos syndrome, tonic seizures of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; electrical status epilepticus/continuous spike-waves during sleep and Landau-Kleffner syndrome. The majority of them have their onset during childhood and have a genetic component and a benign course. We describe the distinctive features of each epilepsy syndrome. Moreover, subjects with epilepsy may suffer from sleep disorder co-morbidities, from chronic insomnia to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, with significant impact on quality of life. In particular, the occurrence of sleep apnoea may be a challenge, as a sleep seizure may be misdiagnosed as sleep apnoea. Another significant co-morbidity, and differential diagnosis, includes sleep parasomnias. Over the last years, several new aspects have contributed to the understanding of sleep as a contributor to activation of interictal and ictal epileptic phenomena: the interrelationship between the sleep-wake circuitry and the different epileptic networks and the microstructure of sleep associated with epileptic activation, identified within the system of cyclic alternating pattern, and its implication on cognitive consequences of sleep epilepsy. All these new aspects may have strong implications for treatment and prognosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Civic Hospital, Lugano, Switzerland

    Silvia Miano

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  1. Silvia Miano
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Correspondence to Silvia Miano .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sleep Disorders Center, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Lourdes M. DelRosso

  2. Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Maria SS, TROINA, Enna, Italy

    Raffaele Ferri

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Miano, S. (2021). Sleep in Seizure Disorders. In: DelRosso, L.M., Ferri, R. (eds) Sleep Neurology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54359-4_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54359-4_11

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-54359-4

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