Removal of Heavy Metal Pollutants from Wastewater Using Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles

Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram; Moniruzzaman, Muhammad; Madhavi, Gajulapalle

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-52421-0_2

Part of the book series: Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World ((ECSW,volume 53))

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Abstract

Heavy metals are high atomic weight elements that consist five times higher density than water. The widespread use of heavy metals in scientific, agricultural, domestic, industrial, and medical applications accelerated their distribution into water bodies through the environment. The extreme toxicity of heavy metals and their adverse effects on human health have raised concerns for the removal of heavy metals from different water bodies. Considering the severe toxicity, mercury, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, and lead were identified as priority heavy metal pollutants and categorized as human carcinogens by United States Environmental Protection Agency. Over the past few years, zerovalent iron nanoparticles have emerged as potential alternatives for the removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater streams. The superior reactivity and large surface area of zerovalent iron nanoparticles provided greater versatility for the in situ remediation of heavy metals. Therefore, this chapter presents a detailed discussion on the advances reported for the heavy metal remediation using zerovalent iron nanoparticles. It begins with the fate and transport of heavy metals into water bodies and their impact on human health and environment. Additionally, preparation methods, characterization techniques, and inherent applications of zerovalent iron nanoparticles toward the removal of heavy metals from different water bodies are extensively described following the risk assessment studies. Finally, concluding remarks and future prospects that support the effective remediation of heavy metals using zerovalent iron nanoparticles are summarized.

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Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy & Muhammad Moniruzzaman
Quality Control División, Ultra International Limited, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
Muhammad Moniruzzaman
Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
Gajulapalle Madhavi

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Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy
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Muhammad Moniruzzaman
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Gajulapalle Madhavi
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Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
Inamuddin
Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
Mohd Imran Ahamed
Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
Eric Lichtfouse

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Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, A., Moniruzzaman, M., Madhavi, G. (2021). Removal of Heavy Metal Pollutants from Wastewater Using Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles. In: Inamuddin, Ahamed, M.I., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Water Pollution and Remediation: Heavy Metals. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 53. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52421-0_2

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52421-0_2
Published: 19 November 2020
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