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Alternative Turbulent Trace Gas Flux Measurement Methods

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Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

The eddy-covariance (EC) method is the most direct micrometeorological approach to measure the surface–atmosphere trace gases under turbulent conditions. The measurement of trace gas fluxes by eddy covariance requires fast-response instruments (higher than 1 Hz) to measure the turbulent fluctuations of vertical wind velocity and trace gas mixing ratio. For many trace gas species, such fast-response analyzers are either not available or do not meet the required precision, long-term stability, and ease of operation under field conditions. Thus, a range of alternative flux measurement techniques have been developed to relax the requirement for fast response time and precision of analysis of the targeted trace gases. These alternative trace gas flux measurement methods are based on surface layer gradients, eddy accumulation, and disjunct eddy-covariance approaches. Of these, the two latter are presented in this chapter. In addition, the surface layer renewal approach, which can be used to understand turbulent exchange processes, and the nocturnal boundary layer Keeling plot approach for determination of the isotopic composition of emitted gases under stable conditions are also described.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Janne Rinne

  2. Climate and Agriculture, Agroscope Research Institute, Zürich, Switzerland

    Christof Ammann

  3. Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Elizabeth Pattey

  4. Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

    Kyaw Tha Paw U

  5. Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Raymond L. Desjardins

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  1. Janne Rinne
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  2. Christof Ammann
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  3. Elizabeth Pattey
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  4. Kyaw Tha Paw U
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  5. Raymond L. Desjardins
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Correspondence to Janne Rinne .

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  1. University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

    Thomas Foken

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Rinne, J., Ammann, C., Pattey, E., Paw U, K.T., Desjardins, R.L. (2021). Alternative Turbulent Trace Gas Flux Measurement Methods. In: Foken, T. (eds) Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52171-4_56

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