Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Concrete with Encapsulated Self-healing Agent: A Critical Review

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
3rd International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Clean and Sustainable Development (ITCSD 2020)

Part of the book series: RILEM Bookseries ((RILEM,volume 29))

Abstract

Concrete due to its brittle nature easily cracks. Such cracks in concrete structures become the pathway for the penetration of aggressive agents which in turn affect the durability, functionality, and strength of the structure. To ensure the desired functioning of the structure suffering from concrete cracks, regular maintenance and special types of treatments are necessary which may be sometimes expensive and time-consuming. The application of smart materials, especially self-healing concrete has received significant attention due to its ability to heal cracks automatically, which is a relatively quick and economical alternative to conventional methods. In the present study, a comprehensive review of encapsulated self-healing concrete is discussed. The study of the literature reveals that the selection of suitable healing material and the capsules shell are major challenges reported by various researchers. In this paper, a detailed review of various healing and shell materials is carried out along with a review of the performance of self-healing efficiency through various experimental techniques. Challenges in the selection of suitable healing and shell materials for the development of encapsulated concrete keep the research area active.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Van Breugel, K.: Self-healing material concepts as solution for aging infrastructure. In: 37th Conference on Our World in Concrete and Structures, 1–17 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  2. ACI-Committee-224: Causes, Evaluation, and Repair of Cracks in Concrete Structures, (ACI 224.1R-07) American Concrete Institute (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cailleux, E., Pollet, V.: Investigations on the development of self-healing properties in protective coatings for concrete and repair mortars In: 2nd International Conference on Self Healing Materials, 1–4 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Van Breugel, K.: Is there a market for self-healing cement-based materials?. In: 1st International Conference on Self-Healing Materials, 1–9 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  5. White, S.R., Sottos, N.R., Geubelle, P.H.: Erratum: autonomic healing of polymer composites. Nature 415(6873), 794–797 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Van Tittelboom, K., De Belie, N.: Self-healing in cementitious materials-a review. Materials 6(6), 2182–2217 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gupta. S., and Harn.W.K.: Encapsulation technology and techniques in self-healing concrete. J. Mater. Civil Eng. 28(12), 1–15 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Aissa, B., Therriault, D., Haddad, E., Jamroz, W.: Self-healing materials systems: Overview of major approaches and recent developed technologies. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 1–17 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Li, V.C., Herbert, E.: Robust self-healing concrete for sustainable infrastructure. J. Adv. Concr. Technol. 10(6), 207–218 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hager, M.D., Greil, P., Leyens, C.: Self-healing Materials. Adv. Mater. 22, 5424–5430 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ferrara, L., Van Mullem, T.V., Alonso, M.C., Antonaci, P., Borg, R.P., Cuenca, E., De Belie, N.: Experimental characterization of the self-healing capacity of cement based materials and its effects on the material performance: a state of the art report by COST action SARCOS WG2. Constr. Build. Mater. 167, 115–142 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Muhammad, N.Z., Shafaghat, A., Keyvanfar, A., Majid, M.Z.A., Ghoshal, S.K., Yasouj, S.E.M., McCaffer, R.: Tests and methods of evaluating the self-healing efficiency of concrete: a review. Constr. Build. Mater. 112, 1123–1132 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Gardner, D., Jefferson, A., Hoffman, A., Lark, R.: Simulation of the capillary flow of an autonomic healing agent in discrete cracks in cementitious materials. Cem. Concr. Res. 58, 35–44 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Joseph, C., Jefferson, A.D., Isaacs, B., Lark, R., Gardner, D.: Experimental investigation of adhesive-based self-healing of cementitious materials. Mag. Concr. Res. 62(11), 831–843 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Li, V.C., Lim, Y.M., Chan, Y.W.: Feasibility study of a passive smart self-healing cementitious composite. Compos. B Eng. 29(6), 819–827 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Huang, H., Ye, G.: Application of sodium silicate solution as self-healing agent in cementitious materials. In: Application of Sodium Silicate Solution as Self-healing Agent in Cementitious Materials, 1–8 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gilford, J., III., Hassan, M.M., Rupnow, T., Barbato, M., Okeil, A., Asadi, S.: Dicyclopentadiene and sodium silicate microencapsulation for self-healing of concrete. J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 26(5), 886–896 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Giannaros, P., Kanellopoulos, A., Al-Tabbaa, A.: Sealing of cracks in cement using microencapsulated sodium silicate. Smart Mater. Struct. 25(8) (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Mostavi, E., Asadi, S., Hassan, M.M., Alansari, M.: Evaluation of self-healing mechanisms in concrete with double-walled sodium silicate microcapsules. J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 27(12), 1–8 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Dry, C., McMillan, W.: Three-part methylmethacrylate adhesive system as an internal delivery system for smart responsive concrete. Smart Mater. Struct. 5(3), 297–300 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Yang, Z., Hollar, J., He, X., Shi, X.: A self-healing cementitious composite using oil core/silica gel shell microcapsules. Cement Concr. Compos. 33(4), 506–512 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Xue, C., Li, W., Li, J., Tam, V.W.Y., Ye, G.: A review study on encapsulation-based self-healing for cementitious materials. Struct. Concr. 20(1), 198–212 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. ACI 515.2R.: Guide to Selecting Protective Treatments for Concrete (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Thao, T.D.P., Johnson, T.J.S., Tong, Q.S., Dai, P.S.: Implementation of self-healing in concrete–proof of concept. IES J. Part Civil Struct. Eng. 2(2), 116–125 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Mihashi, H., Kaneko, Y., Nishiwaki, T., Otsuka, K.: Fundamental study on development of intelligent concrete characterized by self-healing capability for strength. Concr. Res. Technol. 11, 21–28 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Cosco, S., Ambrogi, V., Musto, P.: Properties of Poly(urea-formaldheyde) Microcapsules Containing an Epoxy Resin. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 105, 1400–1411 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Dong, B., Fang, G., Ding, W., Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Han, N., Xing, F.: Self-healing features in cementitious material with urea-formaldehyde/epoxy microcapsules. Constr. Build. Mater. 106, 608–617 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Li, Q., Siddaramaiah, Kim, N.H., Hui, D., Lee, J.H.: Effects of dual component microcapsules of resin and curing agent on the self-healing efficiency of epoxy. Compos. Part B: Eng., 55, 79–85 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Sam, A.R.M., Ariffin, N.F., Hussin, M.W., Lee, H.S., Ismail, M.A., Majid, M.Z.A.: Performance of epoxy resin as self-healing agent. J. Teknol. 77(16), 9–13 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Van Tittelboom, K., Van den Heede, P., De Belie, N. D.: Self-healing Concrete with Encapsulated Polyurethane. Eco-efficient Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete Infrastructures, 429–C66. Elsevier Ltd. (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Maes, M., Van Tittelboom, K., De Belie, N.: The efficiency of self-healing cementitious materials by means of encapsulated polyurethane in chloride containing environments. Constr. Build. Mater. 71, 528–537 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Hu, Z.X., Hu, X.M., Cheng, W.M., Zhao, Y.Y., Wu, M.Y.: Performance optimization of one-component polyurethane healing agent for self-healing concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 179, 151–159 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Van Tittelboom, K., De Belie, N., Van Loo, D., Jacobs, P.: Self-healing efficiency of cementitious materials containing tubular capsules filled with healing agent. Cement Concr. Compos. 33(4), 497–505 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Van Tittelboom, K., Wang, J., Araújo, M., Snoeck, D., Gruyaert, E., Debbaut, B., De Belie, N.: Comparison of different approaches for self-healing concrete in a large-scale lab test. Constr. Build. Mater. 107, 125–137 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Brown, E.N., Kessler, M.R., Sottos, N.R., White, S.R.: In situ poly(urea-formaldehyde) microencapsulation of dicyclopentadiene. J. Microencapsul. 20(6), 719–730 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Hassan, M.M., Milla, J., Rupnow, T., Al-Ansari, M., Daly, W.H.: Microencapsulation of calcium nitrate for concrete applications. Transp. Res. Rec. 2577, 8–16 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Arce, G.A., Hassan, M.M., Mohammad, L.N., Rupnow, T.: Characterization of self-healing processes induced by calcium nitrate microcapsules in cement mortar. J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29(1), 1–10 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Milla, J., Hassan, M.M., Rupnow, T.: Evaluation of self-healing concrete with microencapsulated calcium nitrate. J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29(12), 1–12 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Al-Ansari, M., Abu-Taqa, A.G., Hassan, M.M., Senouci, A., Milla, J.: Performance of modified self-healing concrete with calcium nitrate microencapsulation. Constr. Build. Mater. 149, 525–534 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Minnebo, P., Hemelrijck, D. V.: Ideal material properties for capsules or vascular system used in cementitious self-healing materials. In: International Conference on Self-healing Materials, 1–4 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Beglarigale, A., Seki, Y., Demir, N.Y., Yazlcl, H.: Sodium silicate/polyurethane microcapsules used for self-healing in cementitious materials: monomer optimization, characterization, and fracture behavior. Constr. Build. Mater. 162, 57–64 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Pelletier, M.M., Brown, R., Shukla, A., Bose, A.: Self-healing concrete with a microencapsulated healing agent. University of Rhode Island, Kingston (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Blaiszik, B.J., Caruso, M.M., McIlroy, D.A., Moore, J.S., White, S.R., Sottos, N.R.: Microcapsules filled with reactive solutions for self-healing materials. Polymer 50(4), 990–997 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Qureshi, T.S., Kanellopoulos, A., Al-Tabbaa, A.: Encapsulation of expansive powder minerals within a concentric glass capsule system for self-healing concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 121, 629–643 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Restuccia, L., Reggio, A., Ferro, G.A., Tulliani, J.M.: New self-healing techniques for cement-based materials. Procedia Struct. Int. 3, 253–260 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Van Tittelboom, K., Tsangouri, E., Van Hemelrijck, D., De Belie, N.: The efficiency of self-healing concrete using alternative manufacturing procedures and more realistic crack patterns. Cement Concr. Compos. 57, 142–152 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Kanellopoulos, A., Litina, C., Giannaros, P., Al-Tabbaa, A.: Effect of different types of polymeric microcapsules on the self-healing efficiency of cement based composites.In: 9th International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete structures, FraMcos-9, 1–7 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Hilloulin, B., Van Tittelboom, K., Gruyaert, E., De Belie, N., Loukili, A.: Design of polymeric capsules for self-healing concrete. Cement Concr. Compos. 55, 298–307 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Kanellopoulos, A., Giannaros, P., Palmer, D., Kerr, A., Al-Tabbaa, A.: Polymeric microcapsules with switchable mechanical properties for self-healing concrete: Synthesis, characterisation and proof of concept. Smart Mater. Struct. 26(4) (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Lv, L., Yang, Z., Chen, G., Zhu, G., Han, N., Schlangen, E., Xing, F.: Synthesis and characterization of a new polymeric microcapsule and feasibility investigation in self-healing cementitious materials. Constr. Build. Mater. 105, 487–495 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Li, W., Zhu, X., Zhao, N., Jiang, Z.: Preparation and properties of melamine urea-formaldehyde microcapsules for self-healing of cementitious materials. Materials 9(3) (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Gruyaert, E., Van Tittelboom, K., Sucaet, J., Anrijs, J., Van Vlierberghe, S., Dubruel, P., De Belie, N.: Capsules with evolving brittleness to resist the preparation of self-healing concrete. Mater. de Constr. 66(323) (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Van Tittelboom, K., De Belie, N., Lehmann, F., Grosse, C.U.: Acoustic emission analysis for the quantification of autonomous crack healing in concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 28(1), 333–341 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Tsangouri, E., Gilabert, F., De Belie, N., Van Hemelrijck, D., Zhu, X., Aggelis, D.: Concrete fracture toughness increase by embedding self-healing capsules using an integrated experimental approach. Constr. Build. Mater. 218, 424–433 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Abd-Elmoaty, A.E.M.: Self-healing of polymer modified concrete. Alexandria Eng. J. 50(2), 171–178 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Mechanics Department, Government Engineering College, Bhuj, India

    Maulik Mistry

  2. Civil Engineering Department, Babaria Institute of Technology, Vadodara, India

    Santosh Shah

Authors
  1. Maulik Mistry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Santosh Shah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maulik Mistry .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Deepankar Kumar Ashish

  2. Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    Jorge de Brito

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India

    Sanjay Kumar Sharma

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 RILEM

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Mistry, M., Shah, S. (2021). Concrete with Encapsulated Self-healing Agent: A Critical Review. In: Ashish, D.K., de Brito, J., Sharma, S.K. (eds) 3rd International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Clean and Sustainable Development. ITCSD 2020. RILEM Bookseries, vol 29. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51485-3_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51485-3_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-51484-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-51485-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation