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Tumors of Germ Cell Origin

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Pineal Region Lesions

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Abstract

Central nervous system germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a relatively rare and heterogeneous group of tumors. In general, they are more commonly seen in the Asian population, have a male preponderance, and commonly occur in the pineal or suprasellar regions. They are a unique group of tumors in which the combination of imaging characteristics and serum or cerebrospinal fluid tumor markers allows for presumptive treatment by radiation and chemotherapy without a confirmatory tissue diagnosis. Cases with negative markers require further investigation via biopsy. Excluding mature teratoma, the mainstay of treatment for this group of tumors is radiation therapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Neurosurgical interventions are reserved for treatment of hydrocephalus, negative-marker tumor biopsy, resection of mature teratoma, and second-look surgery when residual tumor is present after completion of chemoradiation. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of intracranial GCTs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA

    Douglas R. Taylor

  2. Neurosurgery, Bristol Royal Children’s Hospital, Bristol, UK

    Richard J. Edwards

  3. Neurosurgery, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA

    Frederick A. Boop

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  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Ioan Stefan Florian

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Taylor, D.R., Edwards, R.J., Boop, F.A. (2020). Tumors of Germ Cell Origin. In: Florian, I.S. (eds) Pineal Region Lesions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50913-2_17

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