Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Beyond Reading Media and Interaction Behavior: Self-reported User Satisfaction and Cognitive Implications of Digitized Reading Patterns

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Information Systems Development (ISD 2019)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation ((LNISO,volume 39))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 548 Accesses

Abstract

This paper examines the reading and navigation (browsing) behavior and the user satisfaction when interacting with a traditional and digital newspaper during an experiment. The qualitative, visual inspection of the interaction behavior allowed to identify the reading and navigation patterns specific to the reading media. The patterns were quantified as duration to assess the amount of time dedicated for reading, in contrast to navigation. The results show that, in the paper reading condition, the reading time was higher when compared to the tablet condition. In contrast, the navigation time was generally higher in the tablet than in the paper condition, with possible consequences on cognitive load. Users’ satisfaction with the traditional newspaper was higher than in the case of digital reading. The findings are discussed considering the limited capacity of mediated message processing model. Implications for designing digital reading interfaces are formulated.

A prior version of this paper has been published in the ISD2019 Proceedings (http://aisel.aisnet.org/isd2014/proceedings2019).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    The experiment was part of a large project ("Next Media") related to the development of the Finnish media industry and media experience concepts. (see http://virtual.vtt.fi/virtual/nextmedia/573139/en/read/page.html).

  2. 2.

    During the experiment psychophysiological data were also recorded, and, because individual differences affect the psychophysiological values, it is recommended to use a within-subjects study design (see [34]). The collection and analysis of psychophysiological data are reported in [35].

  3. 3.

    As mentioned earlier, the experiment was part of a large project ("Next Media") related to the development of the Finnish media industry and media experience concepts. (see http://virtual.vtt.fi/virtual/nextmedia/573139/en/read/page.html).

References

  1. Finnish ABC: The Finnish National Readership Survey (published report) (2013). http://yle.fi/uutiset/survey_print_still_popular_among_media_consumers/6834703

  2. Flavian, F., Gurrea, R.: Perceived substitutability between digital and physical channels: The case of newspapers. Online Inf. Rev. 31(6), 793–813 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Siegenthaler, E., Wurtz, P., Groner, R.: Improving the usability of E-Book readers. J. Usability Stud. 6, 25–38 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Wästlund, E., Reinikka, H., Norlander, T., Archer, T.: Effects of VDT and paper presentation on consumption and production of information: Psychological and physiological factors. Comput. Hum. Behav. 21(2), 377–394 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Connell, C., Bayliss, L., Farmer, W.: Effects of eBook readers and tablet computers on reading comprehension. Int’l J. Instr. Media 39(2), 131–141 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Dundar, H., Akcayir, M.: Tablet vs. paper: The effect on learners’ reading performance. Int. Electron. J. Elementary Educ. 4(3), 441–450 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Lang, A.: The limited capacity model of mediated message processing. J. Commun. 50(1), 46–70 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lam, P., Lam, S.L., Lam, J., McNaught, C.: Usability and usefulness of eBooks on PPCs: How students’ opinions vary over time. Australas. Educa. Technol. 25(1), 30–44 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Mayes, D.K., Sims, V.K., Koonce, J.M.: Comprehension and workload differences for VDT and paper-based reading. Int’l J. Ind. Erg. 28, 367–378 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Muter, P., Maurutto, P.: Reading and skimming from computer screens and books: The paperless office revisited? Behav. Inf. Tech. 10, 257–266 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Dillon, A.: Reading from paper versus screens: A critical review of the empirical literature. Ergonomics 35(10), 1297–1326 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Noyes, J.M., Garland, K.J.: Computer- vs. paper-based tasks: Are they equivalent? Ergonomics 51(9), 1352–1375 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. O’Hara, K., Sellen, A.: A comparison of reading paper and on-line documents. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI97), pp. 335–342 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Liu, Z.: Reading behavior in the digital environment: Changes in reading behavior over the past ten years. J. Doc. 61(6), 700–712 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hillesund, T.: Digital reading spaces: How expert readers handle books, the web and electronic paper. First Monday 15(4), 4–5 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Chen, G., Cheng, W., Chang, T.W., Zheng, X., Huang, R.: A comparison of reading comprehension across paper, computer screens, and tablets: Does tablet familiarity matter? J. Comput. Educ. 1(2–3), 213–225 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Holmqvist, K., Holsanova, J., Barthelson, M., Lundqvist, D.: Reading or scanning? A study of newspaper and net paper reading. In: The Mind’s Eye, pp. 657–670 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zambarbieri, D., Carniglia, E.: Eye movement analysis of reading from computer displays, ereaders and printed books. Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt. 32(5), 390–396 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. von Krogh, T., Andersson, U.: Reading patterns in print and online newspapers: The case of the Swedish local morning paper VLT and online news site vlt. se. Digit. Journalism 4(8), 1058–1072 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Mangen, A., Walgermo, B.R., Brønnick, K.: Reading linear texts on paper versus computer screen: Effects on reading comprehension. Int’l J. Educ. Res. 58, 61–68 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Kretzschmar, F., Pleimling, D., Hosemann, J., FĂĽssel, S., Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, I., Schlesewsky, M.: Subjective impressions do not mirror online reading effort: Concurrent EEG-eyetracking evidence from the reading of books and digital media. PLoS ONE 8(2), e56178 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. D’Haenens, L., Heuvelman, A.: News in online and print newspapers: Differences in reader consumption and recall. New Media Soc. 6(3), 363–382 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Mangen, A., Kuiken, D.: Lost in an iPad: Narrative engagement on paper and tablet. Sci. Study Lit. 4(2), 150–177 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hou, J., Rashid, J., Lee, K.M.: Cognitive map or medium materiality? Reading on paper and screen. Comput. Hum. Behav. 67, 84–94 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Jabr, F.: The reading brain in the digital age: The science of paper versus screens. Scientific American, 11 April (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Brown, G.J.: Beyond print: Reading digitally. Libr. Hi Tech. 19(4), 390–399 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Baddeley, A.: Working memory. Science 255(5044), 556–559 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Gevins, A., Smith, M.E.: Neurophysiological measures of working memory and individual differences in cognitive ability and cognitive style. Cereb. Cortex 10(9), 829–839 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Lang, A.: Using the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing to design effective cancer communication messages. J. Commun. 56(s1), S57–S80 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Lachman, R., Lachman, J.L., Butterfield, E.C.: Cognitive Psychology and Information Processing: An Introduction. Psychology Press, East Sussex (2015)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  31. Lang, A., Potter, R.F., Bolls, P.D.: Where psychophysiology meets the media: Taking the effects out of media research. In: Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research, pp. 185–206. Routledge, New York (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Lang, A., Borse, J., Wise, K., David, P.: Captured by the world wide web: Orienting to structural and content features of computer-presented information. Commun. Res. 29(3), 215–245 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. World Medical Association: World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 79(4), 373 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ravaja, N.: Contributions of psychophysiology to media research: Review and recommendations. Media Psychol. 6, 193–235 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Rajanen, D., Salminen, M., Ravaja, N.: Psychophysiological responses to digital media: Frontal EEG Alpha asymmetry during newspaper reading on a tablet versus print. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Academic Mindtrek Conference, pp. 155–162. ACM (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Helle, M., Ravaja, N., Heikkilä, H., Kallenbach, J., Kankainen, A., Kätsyri, J., Laine, J., Marghescu, D.: A theoretical model of media experience and research methods for studying it. Project report for Next Media–a TIVIT Programme (2011). http://virtual.vtt.fi/virtual/nextmedia/332702/en/read/page.html

  37. Helle, M., Ravaja, N., Heikkilä, H., Kallenbach, J., Kätsyri, J., Laine, J., Marghescu, D., Mensonen, A., Aikala, M., Saari, T.: Media experience: Detailed plan of empirical studies. project report for next media–a TIVIT programme (2011). http://virtual.vtt.fi/virtual/nextmedia/332702/en/read/page.html

  38. Doll, W.J., Torkzadeh, G.: The measurement of end-user computing satisfaction: Theoretical and methodological issues. MIS Q. 15(1), 5–10 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Tamborini, R., Bowman, N.D., Eden, A., Grizzard, M., Organ, A.: Defining media enjoyment as the satisfaction of intrinsic needs. J. Commun. 60(4), 758–777 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Bradley, M. M., Lang, P. J.: Measuring emotion: The self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential. J. Behav. Therapy Exp. Psychiatry 25(1), 49–59 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Field, A.: Discovering Statistics Using SPSS, 3rd edn. Sage, London (2009)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  42. Diao, F., Sundar, S.S.: Orienting response and memory for web advertisements: Exploring effects of pop-up window and animation. Comm. Res. 31(5), 537–567 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Smith, M.E., Gevins, A.: Attention and brain activity while watching television: Components of viewer engagement. Media Psychol. 6(3), 285–305 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was possible with the support of numerous people to whom I am grateful. The data collection was possible thanks to working in a project led by Professor Niklas Ravaja at Aalto University (Next Media). The coding of the video data was assisted by three students as part of their project course at University of Oulu: Pertti Karhapää, Paavo Orajärvi, and Juho Tapani. I am also grateful to Dr. Mikko Salminen for earlier comments on this study and to the three aforementioned students for their comments and insights during the project course work. The writing of the article was finalized during a research grant I have received from Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation (Project “Climate Change in the News”).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

    Dorina Rajanen

Authors
  1. Dorina Rajanen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dorina Rajanen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. 130 impasse Louis Bonamici RĂ©sidence le Gouverneur B2, Toulon, France

    Alena Siarheyeva

  2. Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

    Chris Barry

  3. Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

    Michael Lang

  4. Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Henry Linger

  5. IESE Business School, University of Navarra, Barcelona, Spain

    Christoph Schneider

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Rajanen, D. (2020). Beyond Reading Media and Interaction Behavior: Self-reported User Satisfaction and Cognitive Implications of Digitized Reading Patterns. In: Siarheyeva, A., Barry, C., Lang, M., Linger, H., Schneider, C. (eds) Advances in Information Systems Development. ISD 2019. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol 39. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49644-9_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49644-9_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-49643-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-49644-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation