Abstract
The frequent occurrence and spread of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment have made their resources a primary public concern. Hospital wastewaters and pharmaceutical production companies release various pseudo-persistent toxic compounds in the environment that may endanger the life of human beings as well as animals, plants, and soil. Since now, various physical, chemical, and biological methods have been employed for their elimination. In most of the current/conventional wastewater treatment plants, biological sections are the heart of the treatment plants that play the primary role in the degradation of pharmaceutical compounds.
Biological treatment methods are generally categorized into main groups of aerobic and anaerobic techniques based on the presence or the absence of the oxygen. Taking into account that these wastewaters own high organic content, anaerobic methods have been candidated as sustainable, low cost, low nutrient requirement, and low-area demand and efficient ways for pharmaceutical degradation. Anaerobic digesters, membrane bioreactors, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket, and anaerobic sequencing batch reactor are the chief techniques. This chapter tries to firstly bring out the removal pathway during anaerobic digestion and then presents the works have been done for pharmaceutical removal.
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Khadir, A., Mollahosseini, A., Negarestani, M., Mardy, A. (2020). Anaerobic Biotechnology for the Treatment of Pharmaceutical Compounds and Hospital Wastewaters. In: Inamuddin, Ahamed, M.I., Lichtfouse, E., Asiri, A.M. (eds) Methods for Bioremediation of Water and Wastewater Pollution. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 51. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48985-4_3
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