Management of Maxillofacial Infections

Abstract

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are often called upon to evaluate patients with head and neck infections. These infections may or may not be derived from an odontogenic source. A unique position of the oral and maxillofacial surgeon is being able to manage both odontogenic and non-odontogenic infections. Prompt recognition and being able to stratify these infections based on severity are paramount. The pathogenic bacteria of maxillofacial infections are constantly developing resistance to new and old antibiotics. Therefore, oral and maxillofacial surgeons must continually refresh their knowledge of the microbiology and antibiotic therapy of these infections. This chapter reviews the pathogenesis, workup, anatomical considerations, sequelae, medical management, and surgical management of maxillofacial infections. We also cover rare disease processes such as cavernous sinus thrombosis and necrotizing fasciitis, with a focus on recognition and management.