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Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Associations and Role in Mitigation of Drought Stress in Plants

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Agriculturally Important Fungi for Sustainable Agriculture

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Modern agriculture is facing challenge to ensure global food demand. However, climate change is causing increase in temperature which leads to severe droughts in some areas. Numerous biotechnological techniques are being used to overcome this drought stress, among them the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is thought to be a proficient approach for mitigation of drought stress. AMF provide drought tolerance by biochemical and physiological mechanisms. Some of well known mechanisms include modification of hormonal balance including strigolactones, abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. AMF improve plant water status by increasing hydraulic conductivity, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, relative water content, and biomass content. Symbiosis of AMF changes expression of plasma membrane and tonoplast aquaporins (water transporting channels) (PIPs and TIPs), which improves water status of the plant. AM increases the rate of photosynthesis of plant by mending photosystem-II (PSII) and boosts quantum efficiency of PSII under drought stress conditions. AM alters the transcript levels of chloroplast genes encoding antenna proteins involved in transfer of excitation energy. This chapter mainly focuses on the mechanisms adopted by AM to provide drought tolerance to plants.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to Director, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Agra for providing facilities and DG also acknowledge Department of Science and Technology (DST) for INSPIRE research fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Deemed University, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Deepika Goyal, Sushma Mishra & Prem Kumar Dantu

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  1. Deepika Goyal
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  2. Sushma Mishra
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  3. Prem Kumar Dantu
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav

  2. Biotechnology, QCQA Laboratory, Biotech Park, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shashank Mishra

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, India

    Divjot Kour

  4. Gopi Nath PG College, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Neelam Yadav

  5. Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Anil Kumar

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Goyal, D., Mishra, S., Dantu, P.K. (2020). Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Associations and Role in Mitigation of Drought Stress in Plants. In: Yadav, A., Mishra, S., Kour, D., Yadav, N., Kumar, A. (eds) Agriculturally Important Fungi for Sustainable Agriculture. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48474-3_3

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