Abstract
Shorelines are dynamic and complex in nature and shoreline changes are induced by numerous factors such as littoral currents, waves, riverine activities and sometimes tides as well. Construction of hard coastal structures disrupts natural deposition tendencies and erosion occurring along the coast. The way they are affected depends upon the type of structure and longshore transport. This Chapter examines a shoreline stretch of approximately 376 kms from Kodikkarai in (Nagapattinam) to Mandabam (Ramanathapuram) covering the districts of Thanjavur, Thiruvarur and Pudhukottai in Tamil Nadu, India. The shoreline change analysis entailed the use of satellite imageries used are derived from LANDSAT (MSS, TM, ETM, ETM+ and OLI) during the years 1988–2015. To derive the shoreline data from the satellite images, band 5 in Landsat (MSS) and band 6 (ETM–OLI) were used as they allow us to distinguish between land and water boundaries clearly. The shorelines were demarcated and digitized using various sources including LANDSAT, LISS and Google Earth Imageries. The datasets were saved based on the standard format of (DD/MM/YYYY) for analysis. The erosion and accretion rates have been calculated using the DSAS plugin. The resultant maps were used to demarcate depositional features that were predominantly observed over the period 1988 to 2015. The highest amount of deposition and erosion were along Tirutturappundi and Mandabam respectively. For, the assessment of the impact of hard structures along the coast requires high resolution satellite imageries, hence Google Earth imageries were used to interpret the data. Most of the sites show both depositional and erosional features. Site 1 had only erosional features, while site 14 had depositional features all along the coastline.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to extend our thanks to Dr. Basant Kumar Jena (Scientist—G) and Dr. Vijaya Ravichandran (Scientist—G), Coastal Environmental Engineering division (CEE), National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai, India for their valuable support and time for the research work.
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Prakasam, C., Aravinth, R., Sanjeevi Prasad, S. (2022). Long-Term Shoreline Change Analysis and Impact of Hard Coastal Structures on Shorelines—A Case Study of the Nagapattinam-Ramanathapuram Shoreline. In: Saikia, A., Thapa, P. (eds) Environmental Change in South Asia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47660-1_6
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