Abstract
Interpretations of the European Upper Paleolithic archaeological record have long relied on concepts of past populations. In particular, cultural taxonomic units—which are used as a framework for describing the archaeological record—are commonly equated with past populations. However, our cultural taxonomy is highly historically contingent, and does not necessarily accurately reflect variation in the archaeological record. Furthermore, we lack a secure theoretical basis for the description of past human populations based on taxonomic units. In order to move past these problems and satisfactorily address questions of Upper Paleolithic populations, we need to entirely revise our approach to chronocultural framework building. Here, I outline a specific way of describing the archaeological record that deliberately avoids the use of cultural taxonomic units and instead concentrates on individual features of material culture. This approach may provide a more appropriate basis for the archaeological study of Upper Paleolithic populations and for comparisons with genetic data.
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Acknowledgements
I am grateful to Will Banks, Julia Kotthaus and Felix Riede for conversations and correspondence that helped me to clarify many of the arguments put forward in this chapter, and to Huw Groucutt for the invitation to contribute to this volume. I also thank the anonymous reviewers and HG for their comments, which were very helpful in improving the manuscript. This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 747400. All figures in this chapter were created by NR and are used under a CC-BY 4.0 licence; original figures are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7770986.
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Reynolds, N. (2020). Threading the Weft, Testing the Warp: Population Concepts and the European Upper Paleolithic Chronocultural Framework. In: Groucutt, H. (eds) Culture History and Convergent Evolution. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46126-3_10
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