Abstract
The development of products, services, and systems can be understood as one integrated effort of addressing psychological, social, technical, and organisational challenges that surround us. Engineering systems design is a human activity aiming at developing highly complex technical products and services. Of course, the challenge for human beings to deal with complexity is not new but the level of complexity has become exponentially higher in the last decades, therefore more complicated, and less manageable. The focus is not only on the user, but also on the designer and different stakeholders (like manager, software systems engineer, mechanical systems engineer, and many more) involved in the system design process. Understanding human behaviour is important to conceive why people make certain decisions and why other people do not make decisions at all. Requirements, needs, and safety are guiding principles for the development process. The process of human-centred development makes it possible to describe the future user groups and activities and thus to develop products and systems that are as close as possible to the (future) needs of the users. The designers can fulfil their tasks in an interdisciplinary exchange with experts from different disciplines.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson G et al (2019) Design thinking for program and project management. Independently published
Asfahl C, Rieske D (2018) Industrial safety and health management, 7th edn. Pearson, New York
Asimov I (1950) “Runaround”. I, Robot (The Isaac Asimov Collection ed.). Doubleday, New York City
Axelby G (1968) Concepts of engineering systems design. IEEE Trans 12:805–806
Badke-Schaub P, Frankenberger E (2003) Management Kritischer Situationen: Produktentwicklung erfolgreich gestalten [Critical situation management: Successfully shaping product development]. Springer, Berlin
Badke-Schaub P, Daalhuizen J, Roozenburg N (2011a) Towards a designer-centred methodology: descriptive considerations and prescriptive reflections. In: The future of design methodology. Springer, London, pp 181–197
Badke-Schaub P, Hofinger G, Lauche K (2011b) Human factors: Psychologie sicheren Handelns in Risikobranchen [Human factors: psychology of safe action in risky industries], 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin
Bahr N (2014) System safety engineering and risk assessment: a practical approach, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Bainbridge L (1983) Ironies of automation. Automatica 19(6):775–779
Baxter K, Courage C, Caine K (2015) Understanding your users: a practical guide to user research methods, 2nd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, Waltham
Bednár R, Ljudvigová I (2020) Belbin team roles in a start-up team. SHS Web of Conferences
Belbin R (1993) Team roles at work. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford
Belbin RM (2003) Management teams: why they succeed or fail, 2nd edn. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford
Bergstrom J, Schall A (2014) Eye tracking in user experience design. Morgan Kaufmann
Birkhofer H (2011) The future of design methodology. Springer, London
Brusa E, Calà A, Ferretto D (2019) Systems engineering and its application to industrial product development. Springer, Cham
Bullinger H, Jürgens H, Rohmert W Schmidtke H (2013) Handbuch der Ergonomie/Band 1 bis 5 einschliesslich aller Ergänzungslieferungen [Handbook of Ergonomics / Volumes 1 to 5 including all supplements], 2nd edn. Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung
Carve R (2019) CE marking of machinery. Independently published
Cross N (2011) Design thinking: understanding how designers think and work. Bloomsbury Academic, London
Cross N (2021) Engineering design methods: strategies for product design, 5th edn. Wiley
Cross N, Dorst K, Roozenburg N (1992) Research in design thinking. Delft University Press, Deflt
Cross N, Christiaans H, Dorst K (1997) Analysing design activity. Wiley, Chichester
Departement of Defense (2012) MIL-STD-1472G, MIL-STD-882 system safety. Departement of Defense Standard Practise
Design-Society, Badke-Schaub P, Kleinsmann M (2019) Proceedings of the design society: international conference on engineering design (Responsible design for our future, 2019). Cambridge, Cambridge Universty Press
Dörner D (1997) The logic of failure: recognizing and avoiding error in complex situations. Basic Books, New York
Dörner D, Schaub H (1994) Errors in planning and decision making and the nature of human information processing. Appl Psychol 43(4):433–453
Dorst K (2015) Frame innovation: create new thinking by design. The MIT Press, Cambridge
Duchowski A (2017) Eye tracking methodology: theory and practice, 3rd edn. Springer, London
Duffy A (1997) The design productivity debate. Springer, London
Ericson C (2015) Hazard analysis techniques for system safety, 2nd edn. Wiley, Hoboken
Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC. http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2006/42/oj22.02.2022
FAT (1995) RAMSIS – a system for the survey and measurement of three-dimensional postures of people for the ergonomic design of operating and seating positions in cars. Report 123
Felekoglu B, Maier A, Moultrie J (2013) Interactions in new product development: how the nature of the NPD process influences interaction between teams and management. J Eng Technol Manag 30:384–401
Frankenberger E, Badke-Schaub P, Birkhofer H (1998) Designers: the key to successful product development. Springer, London
Frankenberger K, Mayer H, Reiter A, Schmidt M (2020) The digital transformer’s dilemma: how to energize your core business while building disruptive products and services. Wiley, Hoboken
Friedman K (2003) Theory construction in design research: criteria, approaches, and methods. Des Stud 24:507–522
Friend M, Kohn J (2018) Fundamentals of occupational safety and health, 7th edn. Bernan Press, Lanham
Ganster D, Rosen C (2013) Work stress and employee health: a multidisciplinary review. J Manag 39(5):1085–1122
Gawron V (2019) Human performance, workload, and situational awareness measures handbook, 3rd edn. CRC Press, Baco Raton
Goetsch D (2018) Occupational safety and health for technologists, engineers, and managers, 9th edn. Pearson, New York
Guastello S (2013) Human factors engineering and ergonomics: a systems approach, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Baco Raton
Guilford J (1968) The nature of human intelligence. Science 162(3857):990–991
Hartson R, Pyla P (2018) The UX book: agile UX design for a quality user experience, 2nd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, Amsterdam
Hutchison E (2018) Dimensions of human behaviour: person and environment, 6th edn. Sage, Los Angeles
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission (2015) IEC 62366: medical devices – application of usability engineering to medical devices. International Electrotechnical Commission
ISO International Organization for Standardization (1999a) ISO 11064: ergonomic design of control centres. International Organization for Standardization
ISO International Organization for Standardization (1999b) ISO 13407: human-centred design processes for interactive systems (Withdrawn). International Organization for Standardization
ISO International Organization for Standardization (2016) ISO 6385: ergonomics principles in the design of work systems. International Organization for Standardization
ISO International Organization for Standardization (2017) ISO 10075: ergonomic principles related to mental workload. International Organization for Standardization
ISO International Organization for Standardization (2018) ISO 10006: quality management systems – guidelines for quality management in project. International Organization for Standardization
ISO International Organization for Standardization (2019) ISO 9241: ergonomics of human-system interaction. International Organization for Standardization
Jex S (1998) Stress and job performance: theory, research, and implications for managerial practice. Sage, London
Kahneman D (2011) Thinking, fast and slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York
Kahneman D, Slovic P, Tversky A (1982) Judgment under uncertainty: heuristics and biases. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Kan J, Gero J (2017) Quantitative methods for studying design protocols. Springer, Dordrecht
Konz S (2017) Work design: occupational ergonomics, 7th edn. CRC Press, Baco Raton
Kortum P (2016) Usability assessment: how to measure the usability of products, services, and systems (User’s guides to human factors and ergonomics methods). Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Santa Monica
Kuang C, Fabricant R (2019) User friendly: how the hidden rules of design are changing the way we live, work, and play. MCD, New York
Leech J (2017) Psychology for designers: how to apply psychology to web design and the design process. Mrjoe Press
Lindemann U (2003) Human behaviour in design: individuals, teams, tools. Springer, Cham
Lorenz E (1963) Deterministic nonperiodic flow. J Atmos Sci 20(2):130–141
Mikulak R (2017) The basics of FMEA, 2nd edn. Productivity Press, New York
Molich R, Nielsen J (1990) Improving a human-computer dialogue. Commun ACM 33(3):338–348
Monat J, Gannon T (2017) Using systems thinking to solve real-world problems. College Publications, London
Nielsen J (1993) Usability engineering. Morgan Kaufmann, Amsterdam
Nielsen J, Mack R (1994) Usability inspection methods. Wiley, New York
Norman D (2002) The design of everyday things. Basic Books, Philadelphia
Norman D (2021) Nielsen Norman Group. [Online] Available at: https://www.nngroup.com/people/don-norman. Accessed 1 Dec 2020
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (1970) OSH Act of 1970. [Online]. Available at: https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/oshact/toc. Accessed 10 Nov 2020
Oehmen J, Olechowski A, Kenley CR, Ben-Daya M (2014) Analysis of the effect of risk management practices on t he perfomance of new product development programs. Technovation:441–453
Okes D (2019) Root cause analysis: the core of problem solving and corrective action, 2nd edn. ASQ Quality Press, Milwaukee
Ostrom L, Wilhelmsen C (2019) Risk assessment: tools, techniques, and their applications, 2nd edn. Wiley, Hoboken
Owen D, Mary Davis M (2020) Products liability and safety, cases and materials, 8th edn. Foundation Press, St. Paul
Panero J, Zelnik M (1979) Human dimension & interior space: a source book of design reference standards. Watson-Guptill, New York
Petre M, Van Der Hoek A, Quach Y (2016) Software design decoded: 66 ways experts think. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Pöppels E (2000) Limits of consciousness, 2nd edn. Island
Rausch A, Manfred Broy M (2007) Das V-Modell XT – Grundlagen, Erfahrungen und Werkzeuge [The V-Modell XT – basics, experiences and tools]. dpunkt.verlag, Heidelberg
Reason J (1991) Human error. Cambridge University Press, New York
Reason J (2013) A life in error: from little slips to big disaster. CRC Press, London
Ropohl G (2009) General technology. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich
Salvendy G (2012) Handbook of human factors and ergonomics, 4th edn. Wiley
Sarsby A (2016) SWOT analysis. Spectaris Ltd, Oakland
Schaub H (2007) The importance of the characteristics of the task to understand team mental models. CoDesign 3(1):37–42
Schaub H (2020) Product and system ergonomics. In: Integrated design engineering. Springer, Cham, pp 269–286
Schlick C, Bruder R, Luczak H (2010) Industrial science, 3rd edn. Springer, Heidelberg
Sharon T (2012) It’s our research: getting stakeholder buy-in for user experience research projects. Morgan Kaufmann
Stuster J (2019) Task analysis: how to develop an understanding of work (Users’ guide to human factors and ergonomics). Human Factors and Ergonomics, Washington, DC
Sutherland J et al (2019) A scrum book: the spirit of the game. Pragmatic Bookshelf
Tillman B, Tillman P, Rose R, Woodson W (2016) Human factors and ergonomics design handbook, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill Education, New York
Travis D (2019) Think like a UX researcher: how to observe users, influence design, and shape business strategy. CRC Press, Baco Raton
Tricker R (2020) CE conformity marking: and new approach directives. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford
Trist E, Bamforth K (1951) Some social and psychological consequences of the long wall method of coal getting. Hum Relat 4:3–38
Ulrich K, Eppinger S (2019) Product design and development, 7th edn. McGraw-Hill Education, New York
Vajna S (2020) Integrated design engineering, 2nd edn. Springer, Zug
van de Sand F et al (2020) User experience is brand experience: the psychology behind successful digital products and services (Management for professionals). Springer, Cham
van Veen B, Ortt R, Badke-Schaub P (2019) Compensating for perceptual filters in weak signal assessments. Futures 108:1–11
Vermaas P, Kroes P, Light A, Moore S (2008) Philosophy and design. From engineering to architecture. Springer, Dordrecht
Vester F (2007) The art of interconnected thinking: tools and concepts for a new approach to tackling complexity. Mcb Verlag, Munich
Wirfs-Brock R, McKean A (2002) Object design: roles, responsibilities, and collaborations. Addison-Wesley Professional, Boston
Yablonski J (2020) Laws of UX: using psychology to design better products & services. O’Reilly Media, Beijing
Young I (2008) Mental models: aligning design strategy with human behaviour. Rosenfeld Media, Brooklyn
Zimbardo P, Johnson R, McCann V (2013) Psychology: core concepts with DSM-5 update, 7th edn. Pearson, Boston
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Badke-Schaub, P., Schaub, H. (2023). Human Behaviour, Roles, and Processes. In: Maier, A., Oehmen, J., Vermaas, P.E. (eds) Handbook of Engineering Systems Design. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46054-9_32-3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46054-9_32-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-46054-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-46054-9
eBook Packages: Springer Reference EngineeringReference Module Computer Science and Engineering
Publish with us
Chapter history
-
Latest
Human Behaviour, Roles, and Processes- Published:
- 06 January 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46054-9_32-3
-
Human Behaviour, Roles, and Processes
- Published:
- 05 May 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46054-9_32-2
-
Original
Human Behavior, Roles, and Processes- Published:
- 08 March 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46054-9_32-1