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Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defence Systems in Plants: Role and Crosstalk Under Biotic Stress

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Sustainable Agriculture in the Era of Climate Change

Abstract

The plant defence system always acts under the influence of many biotic and abiotic factors, and it has a prime key role in enhancing crop yield potentiality by improving quality as well as disease resistance. Similar to abiotic stress, biotic stress plays a critical role in accelerating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the plant system. ROS are generated in response to stress-responsive stimuli and generally regarded as oxidative stress indicative marker. ROS were initially recognized as toxic by-products of stress metabolism causing oxidative stress damage. However, the importance of ROS as signal transduction molecules in the regulation of various biological processes involved in growth, development and different pathways during plant adaptation to various biotic stresses has also been deciphered. To restrict pathogen invasion, a delicate spatio-temporal balance between ROS-producing and ROS-scavenging pathways is essential for the utilization of ROS as signalling molecules and highly crucial for sustainable agriculture. Besides this, plants also developed another survival mechanism that deals with antioxidant systems having two different components, namely, enzymatic and non-enzymatic. These two antioxidant systems coordinately work together, and the generated functional proteins are overexpressed during pathogen attack to ensure the molecular defence response in resistant and/or tolerant plant species. The role of ROS in correlation to antioxidant systems in plant cells is gaining attention due to the fact that ROS are having valuable contribution towards increasing the response in plant defence systems at the molecular level. In the present chapter, we have described some newer aspects of ROS signalling networks in plants under biotic stress along with the use of synthetic biology approaches in increasing a better defence system, especially in crop plants. The molecular network between ROS signalling and antioxidant systems during defence response is also addressed. Further, the chapter also describes the novel techniques being investigated in order to understand the mechanism of signalling networks and metabolic networks in plant systems under biotic stress condition.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Bolpur, West Bengal, India

    Koushik Biswas

  2. Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India

    Sinchan Adhikari, Avijit Tarafdar & Parthadeb Ghosh

  3. Legumes Pathology, ICRISAT, Hyderabad, India

    Avijit Tarafdar

  4. Department of Human Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India

    Roshan Kumar

  5. Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal, India

    Soumen Saha

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  1. Department of Vegetables and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) – The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel

    Rajib Roychowdhury

  2. Plant Stress Biology & Metabolomics Laboratory, Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam (Central) University, Silchar, Assam, India

    Shuvasish Choudhury

  3. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  4. Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sangeeta Srivastava

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Biswas, K., Adhikari, S., Tarafdar, A., Kumar, R., Saha, S., Ghosh, P. (2020). Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defence Systems in Plants: Role and Crosstalk Under Biotic Stress. In: Roychowdhury, R., Choudhury, S., Hasanuzzaman, M., Srivastava, S. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture in the Era of Climate Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45669-6_12

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