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Molecularly Imprinted Nanosensors for Microbial Contaminants

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Nanosensor Technologies for Environmental Monitoring

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

Abstract

Nanotechnology-based sensor systems have received great attention for developing methodologies to detect microbial contaminants. Increasing incidence in different kinds of infections supports the requirement for developing novel techniques. Therefore, it is necessary to detect microbial causative agents rapidly, accurately, and cost-effectively. Traditional laboratory techniques applied for the detection of microorganisms have some disadvantages such as being laborious, time-consuming, and expensive. In light of new sensing approaches, nanomaterial-based technologies have some desirable properties providing rapid, specific, sensitive, cheap, and trustworthy detection. In addition, nanomaterial integrated sensor platforms offer miniaturization and automation for analysis of target molecule/cell.

Nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, nanowires, and nanoparticles have recently received a significant task for the development of accomplished sensing platforms for analysis of microbial contaminants. Nanosensors have been introduced as promising tools in order to overcome infection problems in the way of identification of contaminants. Thus, nanosensors provide monitoring microorganisms, viruses, toxins, spores, signalling molecules, cell wall components. Nanosensors make it possible to remove contaminants, decrease the incidence of infections, get spreading under control in this respect decreasing outbreaks, and improve suitable control measures. In this review, a brief overview of nanosensor applications for the detection of microbial cells is presented by indicating the principles, advantages, and limitations of sensing strategies. Consequently, the review is anticipated to offer directions to the improvement and usage of nanosensors for early and rapid detection of microbial contaminants.

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Abbreviations

ADH:

Alcohol dehydrogenase

AgNPs:

Silver nanoparticles

AuNPs:

Gold nanoparticles

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

CFU:

Colony forming unit

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

CPE:

Carbon paste electrode

CV:

Cyclic voltammetry

EHEC:

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli

EIS:

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

EPEC:

Enteropathogenic E. coli

GCE:

Glassy carbon electrode

GE:

Gold electrode

GNPs:

Gold nanoparticles

GO:

Graphene oxide

HAU:

Hemagglutinin unit

LOD:

Limit of detection

LOQ:

Limit of quantification

MAH:

N-methacryloyl-l-histidine methyl ester

MGCE:

Magnetic carbon paste electrode

MIP:

Molecular imprinting

MIPs:

Molecularly imprinted polymers

MWCNTs:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

N-GQDs:

Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

NPs:

Nanoparticles

PDA-SIP:

Polydopamine surface imprinted polymer

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PFU:

Plaque forming units

PGE:

Pencil graphite electrode

PPy:

Polypyrrole

QCM:

Quartz crystal microbalance

QDs:

Quantum dots

RGSs-CS:

Chitosan (CS) doped with reduced graphene sheets (RGSs)

SA:

Streptavidin

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

SIP:

Spore-imprinted polymer

SPCE:

Screen-printed carbon electrode

SPE:

Carbon screen-printed electrode

SPR:

Surface plasmon resonance

SWCNTs:

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

ZIKV:

Zika virus

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Correspondence to Adil Denizli .

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Idil, N., Bakhshpour, M., Perçin, I., Denizli, A. (2020). Molecularly Imprinted Nanosensors for Microbial Contaminants. In: Inamuddin, Asiri, A. (eds) Nanosensor Technologies for Environmental Monitoring. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45116-5_12

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