Abstract
While the bulk of the research describes Austria as a neo-corporatist state, there is a lack of examination of policy networks beneath the national level of economic corporatism. This chapter selectively describes the landscape of more or less institutionalized networks in Austria, which are locally relevant. The mainly small-part territorial structure of local government is a structural impediment to the formation of a uniform and simple pattern of interest representation at the local level. Four manifestations of local state-society relations are analyzed: Some networks are ceremonial (such as the Local Health Working Groups) or self-reflective (like the Local Foreigners’ Advisory Councils). Others can be labeled as delegated networks which are embedded in a framework set by upper-level government, yet still allow meaningful participation and decision-making over regional development goals and their implementation (such as Biosphere Park Committees and Regional Councils of the Agencies for Labor Market Service).
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Notes
- 1.
Numbered among them are the Austrian Economic Chamber, the Austrian Chamber of Labor, the Austrian Chamber of Agriculture, the Austrian Federation of Labor and the Federation of Austrian Industries.
- 2.
E-mail from the Office of Provincial Government of Vorarlberg, 15 October 2018; and E-mail from the regional Association of Local Governments of Vorarlberg from 15 October 2018, both addressed to the author.
- 3.
- 4.
- 5.
With a view on assumed success of the Healthy Cities Network, Baum (2003: 105) argues: ‘There is some evidence to indicate that the development of community initiatives has been more rhetorical than real and that often Healthy Cities projects are driven by the agendas of policy makers and other professionals (also Baum 1993)’.
- 6.
The following quotations are based on https://gesundheitsalzburg.at/angebot/regionales/gesunde-gemeinde; and https://avos.at/sites/files/avos/anhang/2016_4.1_gesunde_gemeinde_ok.pdf.
- 7.
Worldwide there are 669 Biosphere Parks in 120 countries, to which have been awarded the international UNESCO title ‘biosphere reserve’ (UNESCO 2016) and which are also allowed using the label ‘model region for sustainable development’.
- 8.
https://en.unesco.org/op-wnbr; also, Pool-Stanvliet et al. 2018, Box 1.
- 9.
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Pleschberger, W. (2021). Local State-Society Relations in Austria. In: Teles, F., Gendźwiłł, A., Stănuș, C., Heinelt, H. (eds) Close Ties in European Local Governance. Palgrave Studies in Sub-National Governance. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44794-6_4
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