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Neutrophil Elastase and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Tumor Microenvironment

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Tumor Microenvironment

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1263))

Abstract

Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) play a major role during cancer development and progression in the tumor microenvironment. Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a serine protease normally expressed in neutrophil primary granules. Formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a mechanism used by neutrophils, has been traditionally associated with the capture and killing of bacteria. However, there are recent discoveries suggesting that NE secretion and NETs formation are also involved in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we focus on how NE and NETs play a key regulatory function in the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor proliferation, distant metastasis, tumor-associated thrombosis, and antitumor activity. Additionally, the potential use of NETs, NE, or associated molecules as potential disease activity biomarkers or therapeutic targets will be introduced.

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Abbreviations

CXCL:

C-X-C motif chemokine

CXCR:

C-X-C chemokine receptor

DNase:

Deoxyribonuclease

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MPO:

Myeloperoxidase

NE:

Neutrophil elastase

NET:

Neutrophil extracellular trap

PAD4:

Protein arginine deiminase 4

PMA:

Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate

PMN:

Polymorphonuclear neutrophil

RA:

Rheumatoid arthritis

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SLE:

Systemic lupus erythematosus

TAN:

Tumor-associated neutrophil

TGF-β:

Transforming Growth factor-β

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

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Conflicts of Interest

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Funding

This work was supported by the grants from the National Institute of Health, T32AI 106704-01A1 (AEO), CA214865-01 (AT) and GM095566-06 (AT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA

    Hai Huang, Hongji Zhang, Amblessed E. Onuma & Allan Tsung

  2. Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China

    Hongji Zhang

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  1. Hai Huang
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  2. Hongji Zhang
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  3. Amblessed E. Onuma
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  4. Allan Tsung
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Correspondence to Allan Tsung .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Alexander Birbrair

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Huang, H., Zhang, H., Onuma, A.E., Tsung, A. (2020). Neutrophil Elastase and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Tumor Microenvironment. In: Birbrair, A. (eds) Tumor Microenvironment. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1263. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44518-8_2

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