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Chagas Disease: A Parasitic Infection in an Immunosuppressed Host

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Chagas Disease

Abstract

Immunosuppression is a health condition that could be intercurrent in people with T. cruzi infection, being life-threatening in many cases if not diagnosed and treated accurately.

Due to the increase in life expectancy and the higher epidemiological risk of acquiring immunosuppressant infectious and non-infectious diseases, the number of people at risk of suffering from reactivation of chronic Chagas disease is increasing. This situation highlights the need of, on one hand, to make emphasis in the relevance of design and implement surveillance systems at regional and international level; and on the other hand, to promote early diagnosis and management of such potentially lethal cases through better health workers training.

New diagnosis methods and treatment option, including coadjutant therapies with immunomodulators, are needed to better manage people at immunosuppressive state, in order to better address such potentially fatal health situations. In this topic, maternal-fetal transmission in case of immunosuppression and the management of severe and atypical reactivation is of special interest.

In this chapter, we aim to summarize evidence existing for chronic Chagas disease management immunosuppressed individuals of different etiologies (HIV infection, neoplasia, transplant and autoimmune systemic diseases), and how to deal with reactivation in such cases.

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Author notes

  1. Maria Aparecida Shikanai-Yasuda and Eros Antonio de Almeida contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, São Paulo, Brazil

    Maria Aparecida Shikanai-Yasuda

  2. State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Eros Antonio de Almeida

  3. Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain

    Manuel Carlos López

  4. NHEPACHA network, Barcelona, Spain

    Manuel Carlos López & María-Jesús Pinazo Delgado

  5. Barcelona Institute of Global Health Research (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    María-Jesús Pinazo Delgado

Authors
  1. Maria Aparecida Shikanai-Yasuda
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  2. Eros Antonio de Almeida
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  3. Manuel Carlos López
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  4. María-Jesús Pinazo Delgado
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to María-Jesús Pinazo Delgado .

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  1. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain

    María-Jesús Pinazo Delgado

  2. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain

    Joaquim Gascón

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Shikanai-Yasuda, M.A., de Almeida, E.A., López, M.C., Delgado, MJ.P. (2020). Chagas Disease: A Parasitic Infection in an Immunosuppressed Host. In: Pinazo Delgado, MJ., Gascón, J. (eds) Chagas Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44054-1_13

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