Basics and Clinical Application of the MR Assessment of Ventilation

Fain, Sean B.; Carey, Katherine; Barton, Gregory P.; Sorkness, Ronald L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43539-4_5

Sean B. Fain⁹,
Katherine Carey¹⁰,
Gregory P. Barton¹⁰ &
…
Ronald L. Sorkness¹¹

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

580 Accesses
1 Citations
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Abstract

There is a growing motivation for imaging regional lung ventilation. Global measures of lung function such as spirometry are not able to distinguish patterns of obstruction and regional reversibility in response to intervention. Advantages of MRI for lung imaging include use of nonionizing radiation and flexibility for acquiring dynamic, multidimensional signal changes in response to changes in lung function. For these reasons, MRI is particularly attractive for longitudinal studies of chronic lung disease, especially in pediatric populations. There are two broad classes of ventilation imaging methods using MRI, which have matured over the past decade: proton-based methods and direct imaging of exogenous gases using multinuclear MRI and spectroscopy. This chapter will provide a review of the theory and rationale of ventilation imaging with MRI, results of clinical research in ventilation MRI, and emerging methods of ventilation imaging. Proton MRI ventilation imaging techniques covered in this chapter include deformable image registration, Fourier decomposition, and oxygen-enhanced methods. This chapter also covers ventilation techniques utilizing MRI of visible gas nuclei, including hyperpolarized gas MRI and perfluorinated gas MRI.

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Authors and Affiliations

Departments of Medical Physics, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Sean B. Fain
Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Katherine Carey & Gregory P. Barton
School of Pharmacy and Morris Institute for Respiratory Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Ronald L. Sorkness

Authors

Sean B. Fain
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Katherine Carey
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Gregory P. Barton
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Ronald L. Sorkness
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sean B. Fain .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
Yoshiharu Ohno
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Hiroto Hatabu
Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology German Center of Lung Research, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Hans-Ulrich Kauczor

Glossary

ACQ: Asthma Control Questionnaire
CF: Cystic Fibrosis
CNR: Contrast-to-Noise Ratio
COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
CT: Computed Tomography
DIR: Deformable Image Registration
FD: Fourier Decomposition
FEV1: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second
FlO₂: Fractional Inhaled Oxygen
FRC: Functional Residual Capacity
FSE: Fast Spin Echo
FV: Fractional Ventilation
FVC: Forced Vital Capacity
FLASH: Fast Low-Angle Shot
Gd: Gadolinium
³He: Helium-3 gas isotope
HP: Hyperpolarized
HASTE: Half-Acquisition with Short Echo Time
ICC: Intra-Class Correlation
IR: Inversion Recovery
MCID: Minimum Clinically Important Difference
MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
OE: Oxygen Enhanced
OTF: Oxygen Transfer Function
PFT: Pulmonary Function Test
RT: Radiation Therapy
SNR: Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SV: Specific Ventilation
SPECT: Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
SPGR: Spoiled Gradient Echo
SSFSE: Single-Shot Fast Spin Echo
T1: Longitudinal Recovery Time
T2*: Nonrecoverable Transverse Signal Decay Time
TE: Echo Time
TLC: Total Lung Capacity
UTE: Ultrashort Echo Time
VDP: Ventilation Defect Percentage
V _f: Volume of fresh air
V/Q: Ventilation-to-Perfusion ratio
V _r: Reference volume
VV: Ventilated Volume
¹²⁹Xe: Xenon-129 gas isotope

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Fain, S.B., Carey, K., Barton, G.P., Sorkness, R.L. (2021). Basics and Clinical Application of the MR Assessment of Ventilation. In: Ohno, Y., Hatabu, H., Kauczor, HU. (eds) Pulmonary Functional Imaging. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43539-4_5

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43539-4_5
Published: 12 December 2020
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-43538-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-43539-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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