Abstract
This chapter reviews the history of measurement science, providing the foundation for the international system of measurement in place today. Information is provided on the most common paths to establish metrological traceability of forensic toxicology quantitative test results and for a general framework to evaluate the measurement uncertainty of any forensic toxicology measurement process.
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Further Reading
ANSI/ASB 017: Standard Practices for Measurement Traceability in Forensic Toxicology
ANSI National Accreditation Board, ANAB ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Forensic Science Testing and Calibration Laboratories Accreditation Requirements (AR 3125). Available for download: https://anab.org
ANSI National Accreditation Board, ASCLD/LAB – International Guidance on Measurement Traceability, 2013. Available for download: https://www.anab.org
ANSI National Accreditation Board, ASCLD/LAB – International Guidance on Measurement Traceability – Measurement Assurance, 2013. Available for download: https://anab.org
ANSI National Accreditation Board, ASCLD/LAB – International Guidance on the Estimation of Measurement Uncertainty – Overview, 2013. Available for download: https://www.anab.org
ANSI National Accreditation Board, ASCLD/LAB – International Guidance on the Estimation of Measurement Uncertainty – ANNEX A Details on the NIST 8-Step Process, 2013. Available for download: https://www.anab.org
ANSI National Accreditation Board, ASCLD/LAB – International Guidance on the Estimation of Measurement Uncertainty – ANNEX D Toxicology Testing Discipline, 2013. Available for download: https://www.anab.org
Barwick V, Prichard E (eds), Eurachem terminology in analytical measurement – Introduction to VIM 3. Available for download: https://www.eurachem.org/index.php/publications/guides/terminology-in-analyticalmeasurement
Ellison SLR, Williams A (eds), Eurachem/CITAC guide: Quantifying uncertainty in analytical measurement, 3rd edn, (QUAM: 2012 P1). Available for download: https://www.eurachem.org/index.php/publications/guides/quam
International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) Key Comparison Database (KCDB), Appendix C http://kcdb.bipm.org/appendixC/
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Guide 30: 2015 Reference materials – Selected terms and definitions (Geneva, Switzerland)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Guide 33: 2015 Reference materials – Good practice in using reference materials (Geneva, Switzerland)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO/IEC 9000:2015 Quality management systems—Fundamentals and vocabulary (Geneva, Switzerland)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO/IEC 17000:2004 Conformity assessment—Vocabulary and general principles (Geneva, Switzerland)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (Geneva, Switzerland)
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Standard Operation Procedure for the Assignment of Uncertainty (SOP 29). Available for download: https://www.nist.gov/pml/weights-and-measures/laboratory-metrology/standard-operating-procedures
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Farrell, L., Yeatman, T. (2020). Metrological Traceability and Measurement Uncertainty. In: Levine, B.S., KERRIGAN, S. (eds) Principles of Forensic Toxicology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42917-1_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42917-1_17
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