Skip to main content

Posthumanism and Ethics

Palgrave Handbook of Critical Posthumanism

Abstract

In this chapter, critical posthumanist ethics is introduced as a type of inclusive ethics. Inclusive ethics responds to the problems associated with conventional exclusive ethical thinking, namely structural discrimination and oppression or reification. These challenges for exclusive ethics result from their general prioritization of relata (agents, subjects, and objects) over relations (the in-between). Inclusive ethics formulate alternatives to these ethical approaches by giving priority to relations over relata. Critical posthumanist ethics is exemplary of inclusive ethical thinking due to its questioning of humanism, its rejection of anthropocentrism, and its overcoming of anthropological essentialism. This chapter presents Donna Haraway’s ethics of kinship, Karen Barad’s ethics of entanglement and ethics of knowing, Rosi Braidotti’s ethics of becoming and affirmative ethics, and Patricia MacCormack’s vitalistic ethics as examples of critical posthumanist (and thus inclusive) ethics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agamben, G. (1998). Homo Sacer: Sovereign power and Bare life. Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alaimo, S., & Hekman, S. (Eds.). (2008). Material feminisms. Indiana University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Althusser, L. (2010). On the reproduction of capitalism: Ideology and ideological state apparatuses. Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, M. C. (2011). Kant and applied ethics: the uses and limits of Kant’s practical philosophy. Wiley Blackwell.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Arendt, H. (1998). The human condition. The University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Aristotle. (2009). The Nicomachean ethics. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagnoli, C. (2017). Constructivism in metaethics. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/constructivism-metaethics/. Accessed 10 May 2021.

  • Barad, K. (1996). Meeting the Universe Halfway: realism and social constructivism without contradiction. In L. Hankinson Nelson & J. Nelson (Eds.), Feminism, science, and philosophy of science (pp. 161–194). Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Barad, K. (2007). Meeting the Universe Halfway: quantum physics and the entanglement of matter and meaning. Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Barad, K. (2015). Verschränkungen und Politik. Karen Barad im Gespräch mit Jennifer Sophia Theodor. In K. Barad (Ed.), Verschränkungen (pp. 173–213). Merve Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bath, C., Meißner, H., Trinkaus, S., & Völker, S. (Eds.). (2013). Geschlechter Interferenzen. Wissensformen – Subjektivierungsweisen – Materialisierungen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1980). The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. Anchor Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braidotti, R. (1992). Essentialism. In E. Wright (Ed.), Feminism and psychoanalysis: A critical dictionary John Wiley and Sons Ltd. (pp. 77–83).

    Google Scholar 

  • Braidotti, R. (1994). Nomadic subjects. Embodiment and sexual difference in contemporary feminist theory. Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braidotti, R. (2006). The ethics of becoming imperceptible. In C. V. Boundas (Ed.), Deleuze and philosophy (pp. 133–159). Edinburgh University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Braidotti, R. (2013). The Posthuman. Polity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braidotti, R. (2019). Posthuman knowledge. Polity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, J. (2010). Robots should be slaves. In Y. Wilks (Ed.), Close engagements with artificial companions: Key social, psychological, ethical and design issues (pp. 63–74). John Benjamins Publishing Company.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, J. (2018). Patiency is not a virtue: The design of intelligent systems and systems of ethics. Ethics and Information Technology, 20, 15–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burr, V. (1995). An introduction to social constructionism. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J. (2011). On Anarchism: An interview with Judith Butler (Jamie Heckert). In J. Heckert & R. Cleminson (Eds.), Anarchism & sexuality: Ethics, relationships and power (pp. 67–69). Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coeckelbergh, M. (2010). Robot rights? Towards a social-relational justification of moral consideration. Journal of Ethics and Information Technology, 12, 209–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coeckelbergh, M. (2014). The moral standing of machines towards a relational and non-cartesian moral hermeneutics. Philosophy & Technology, 27, 61–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coole, D., & Frost, S. (Eds.). (2011). New materialisms: Ontology, agency, and politics. Combined Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Damiano, L., & Dumouchel, P. (2018). Anthropomorphism in human-robot co-evolution. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dolphijn, R., & van der Tuin, I. (2012). New materialism. Interviews & cartographies Open Humanities Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Esposito, R. (2008). Bios: Biopolitics and philosophy. University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Floridi, L., & Sanders, J. W. (2004). On the morality of artificial agents. Minds and Machines, 14, 349–379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foucault, M. (2010). The birth of biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1978–1979. Picador.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, M., Kember, S., & Lury, C. (Eds.). (2006). Inventive life. Approaches to the new vitalism. Nottingham Trent University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunkel, D. (2007). Thinking otherwise. Ethics, technology and other subjects. Ethics and Information Technology, 9, 165–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haraway, D. (1988). Situated knowledges: The science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist Studies, 14(3), 575–599.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haraway, D. (2003). The companion species Manifesto: Dogs, people, and significant otherness. Prickly Paradigm Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haraway, D. (2004). Crystals, fabrics, and fields. Metaphors that shape embryos. North Atlantic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haraway, D. (2016). Staying with the trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene. Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Harding, S. (Ed.). (2004). The Feminist standpoint theory reader. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartsock, N. (1998). The Feminist standpoint revisited and other essays. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckert, J., & Cleminson, R. (Eds.). (2011). Anarchism & sexuality: Ethics, relationships and power. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hellman, D. (2008). When is discrimination wrong? Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hellman, D. (2017). Indirect discrimination and the duty to avoid compounding justice. University of Virginia School of Law. Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series 2017–53 (September 2017), https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3033864. Accessed 10 May 2021.

  • Hoagland, S. L. (1988). Lesbian ethics. Toward new value. Institute of Lesbian Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kant, I. (2017). The metaphysics of morals. Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korsgaard, C. (1983). Two distinctions in goodness. The Philosophical Review, 92, 169–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kukla, A. (2000). Social constructivism and the philosophy of science. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loh, J. (née Sombetzki) (2018). Trans- und Posthumanismus zur Einführung. Junius.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loh, J. (née Sombetzki) (2019a). Roboterethik. Eine Einführung. Suhrkamp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loh, J. (née Sombetzki) (2019b). Responsibility and robotethics: A critical overview. Philosophies. Special Issue Philosophy and the Ethics of Technology 4(58). https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies4040058.

  • Lorenz, E. M. (2008). Predictability: Does the flap of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas? Science, 320, 431.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacCormack, P. (2012). Posthuman ethics. Embodiment and cultural theory. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacCormack, P. (2018). Posthuman ethics. In R. Braidotti & M. Hlavajova (Eds.), Posthuman glossary (pp. 345–346). Bloomsbury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pitts-Taylor, V. (Ed.). (2016). Mattering. Feminism, science, and materialism. NYU Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preciado, P. B. (2018). Countersexual Manifesto. Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rettler, B., & Bailey, A. M. (2017). Object. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/object/. Accessed 10 May 2021.

  • Sheff, E. (2015). Stories from the Polycule. Real life in polyamorous families. Thorntree Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suchman, L. (2007). Human-machine reconfigurations. Plans and situated actions. Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suchman, L. (2011). Subject objects. Feminist Theory, 12, 119–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Tuin, I. (2018). Neo/New materialism. In R. Braidotti & M. Hlavajova (Eds.), Posthuman glossary. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. (pp. 277–279).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood, A. W. (1998). Kant on duties regarding nonrational nature. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 72, 189–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, M. J., & Bradley, B. (2019). Intrinsic vs. extrinsic value. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/value-intrinsic-extrinsic/. Accessed 10 May 2021.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Janina Loh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Loh, J. (2022). Posthumanism and Ethics. In: Herbrechter, S., Callus, I., Rossini, M., Grech, M., de Bruin-Molé, M., John Müller, C. (eds) Palgrave Handbook of Critical Posthumanism. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42681-1_34-2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42681-1_34-2

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-42681-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-42681-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Literature, Cultural and Media StudiesReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Humanities

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Posthumanism and Ethics
    Published:
    26 May 2022

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42681-1_34-2

  2. Original

    Posthumanism and Ethics
    Published:
    08 February 2022

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42681-1_34-1