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Orbital Infections

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Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

Abstract

Orbital and periorbital infections are relatively common, and identification of the causative agent(s) is essential if the risk of ocular, orbital, and systemic morbidity is to be avoided. Loss of vision can occur in over 10% of patients, and systemic sequelae include meningitis, intracranial abscess, and death. Numerous organisms can infect the orbit – with the commonest being bacteria – and extension of an infective process from neighboring ethmoid sinuses is the commonest cause of orbital infections for all ages. Management of orbital cellulitis involves urgent intravenous antibiotics, rehydration, and treatment of any coexistent underlying systemic disease. Finally, unusual infectious agents should always be considered in debilitated or immunocompromised patients or in those who fail to respond to appropriate first-line therapy.

This chapter addresses the approach to identifying and managing common infectious processes of the orbit in children and adults and discusses other unusual organisms, including mycobacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel

    Shirin Hamed Azzam

  2. FRACOphth, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK

    David H. Verity

  3. Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel

    Daniel Briscoe

  4. FRCOphth, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK

    Priscilla Mathewson & Geoffrey E. Rose

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  1. Shirin Hamed Azzam
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  2. David H. Verity
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  3. Daniel Briscoe
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  4. Priscilla Mathewson
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  5. Geoffrey E. Rose
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science, Portland, OR, USA

    Daniel M. Albert

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Joan W. Miller

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Dimitri T. Azar

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Lucy H. Young

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  1. No affiliation provided

    Eric Steele

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    John Ng

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Azzam, S.H., Verity, D.H., Briscoe, D., Mathewson, P., Rose, G.E. (2022). Orbital Infections. In: Albert, D.M., Miller, J.W., Azar, D.T., Young, L.H. (eds) Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42634-7_60

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