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Posterior Segment Sarcoidosis

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Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

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Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a multiorgan granulomatous inflammatory disease of unknown cause. Sarcoidosis affects the eyes in about one-third of cases, and is a commonly encountered cause of uveitis. Its ocular manifestations are protean, and include anterior segment inflammation, intermediate uveitis, retinal periphlebitis, and several forms of choroiditis. Definitive diagnosis requires histopathologic demonstration of noncaseating granulomas on biopsy. Workup often includes chest imaging; the utility of serum enzyme testing is unclear. Treatment choice in ocular sarcoidosis is guided by whether disease is limited to the eye or includes systemic manifestations. Local treatment options include periocular and intravitreal corticosteroids, while systemic options include corticosteroids, disease-modifying antimetabolites, and antitumor necrosis factor alpha biologic drugs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joon-Bom Kim & Russell N. Van Gelder

  2. Arizona Retina and Vitreous Consultants, Phoenix, AZ, USA

    Anita G. Prasad

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  2. Anita G. Prasad
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  3. Russell N. Van Gelder
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science, Portland, OR, USA

    Daniel M. Albert

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Joan W. Miller

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Dimitri T. Azar

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Lucy H. Young

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA

    Lucia Sobrin

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Kim, JB., Prasad, A.G., Van Gelder, R.N. (2022). Posterior Segment Sarcoidosis. In: Albert, D.M., Miller, J.W., Azar, D.T., Young, L.H. (eds) Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42634-7_17

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