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CMV Retinitis

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Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

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Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most common opportunistic infection of the eye in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It causes significant morbidity in immunocompromised patients, including transplant and HIV-infected patients. CMV is a DNA virus that infects around 40% of the population worldwide. Three patterns of active lesions have been described: hemorrhagic, brush fire, and granular. The mainstay of treatment in CMV retinitis is the reversal of immunodeficiency. Successful management of CMV retinitis requires not only highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients but also appropriate anti-CMV therapy such as systemic antivirals and adjunctive local treatment. Current available FDA-approved therapies for CMV retinitis include intravenous and intravitreal ganciclovir and foscarnet, intravenous cidofovir, and oral valganciclovir.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Cindy Ung & Lucy H. Young

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  1. Cindy Ung
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  2. Lucy H. Young
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Correspondence to Lucy H. Young .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science, Portland, OR, USA

    Daniel M. Albert

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Joan W. Miller

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Dimitri T. Azar

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Lucy H. Young

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA

    Lucia Sobrin

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Ung, C., Young, L.H. (2022). CMV Retinitis. In: Albert, D.M., Miller, J.W., Azar, D.T., Young, L.H. (eds) Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42634-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42634-7_11

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