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What Do We Know About Wild Boar in Iberia?

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Problematic Wildlife II

Abstract

Wild boar is an important species throughout the Iberian Peninsula, and populations exist from sea level to elevations of >2000 m in high mountain environments, which reflects its incredible ability to adapt to a wide range of natural and cultural environments. To summarize the scientific and management knowledge on this species in Portugal and Spain, we reviewed 174 published and unpublished texts written since 1914. Research has progressed from descriptive studies toward applied ecology, which has focused on the problem that species poses to its environment. We identified six main fields of study interest and potential wild boar conflict: (i) the role of the species in natural and semi-natural ecosystems, (ii) agricultural damages, (iii) car accidents, (iv) disease transmission and reservoir, (v) hunt and control, and (vi) urban wild boars.

The ability of wild boar to adapt to and transform a wide variety of ecosystems has to be monitored carefully, particularly within the context of adaptive management in natural areas. The lack of a rapid response causes high social and economic costs, and the problem has worsened. The increase in the frequency of interactions between humans and wild boars underscores the importance of management actions that address not only the wild boar populations but also human behaviour and the avoidance of risk situations, e.g. urban wild boars and traffic collisions, which includes environmental education.

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Acknowledgments

This chapter is dedicated to Carlos Sáez Royuela, ‘Cartucho’ (Shotgun Shell), whose PhD thesis, the first on wild boar in Iberia, was a remarkable example and a source of inspiration to all of us. Our thanks go to the countless collaborators who helped us with our field and lab work, who were motivated by their interest in learning more about this fascinating species. Regional administrations and several scientific institutions contributed financing to local studies, exhibited interest towards the issues that we have studied, and helped to increase the understanding of the role of wild boar in Iberian ecosystems. Bruce MacWhirter reviewed the English.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Area of Ecology, Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Technical School, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain

    Alberto Giménez-Anaya & Juan Herrero

  2. Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

    C. Guillermo Bueno

  3. Innovación en Gestión de Ungulados SL, Cáceres, Spain

    Pedro Fernández-Llario

  4. CESAM and Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Carlos Fonseca

  5. Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (CSIC), Jaca, Spain

    Ricardo García-González

  6. INDUROT, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain

    Carlos Nores

  7. Animal Biology Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Carme Rosell

  8. Minuartia, Barcelona, Spain

    Carme Rosell

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  1. Alberto Giménez-Anaya
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. FIZV, Rome, Italy

    Francesco Maria Angelici

  2. Museo dell’Ecologia di Cesena, Cesena, Forli/Cesana, Italy

    Lorenzo Rossi

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Giménez-Anaya, A. et al. (2020). What Do We Know About Wild Boar in Iberia?. In: Angelici, F., Rossi, L. (eds) Problematic Wildlife II. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42335-3_9

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