Abstract
One of the greatest contributions to water pollution is industrial sector, especially textile, due to high consumption of water and chemical. Therefore, the textile wastewater has an extremely complex matrix and is heterogeneous due to multiplicity of hazardous chemicals, dyes, and toxic components. Due to this fact, the real textile wastewater should be treated before disposal in waterbodies. The coagulation/flocculation process is used worldwide for the treatment of various types of industrial wastewater. This chapter highlights the growing interest in the use of natural coagulants to replace coagulants that have toxicological potential for the environment and health.
We studied the use of purple okra waste as natural coagulant to intensify the textile wastewater treatment containing Fe(III) as primary coagulant. The efficiency was evaluated by the removal of organic matter (represented by COD and absorbance at 254 nm) and removal of suspended and dissolved solids (represented by turbidity and color) and by means of the lethal dose (LD50) of toxicity assays. Natural coagulants extracted from purple okra wastes showed to be most efficient compared to commercial flocculants. Application of these natural wastes as a part of treatment technology did not present any acute toxicity to human and animal health. They are highly biodegradable, safe, and eco-friendly. Furthermore, it may also be a practical, cheap, and suitable solution for textile wastewater treatment.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank Dynamic’s Industrial Laundry for providing textile wastewater and the State University of Maringá (Paraná, Brazil) and Chemistry Department for laboratorial support. We also thank FINEP, CNPq, COMCAP-UEM, CAPES, and Araucaria Foundation for funding.
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Freitas, T.K.F.S. et al. (2020). Treatment of Textile Wastewater by Dual Coagulant from Fe(III) and Purple Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Waste. In: Inamuddin, Asiri, A. (eds) Sustainable Green Chemical Processes and their Allied Applications. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42284-4_12
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