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Theranostics Nanoformulations: Merging Diagnostics and Nanotherapeutics

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Nanoformulations in Human Health

Abstract

Since the emergence of the concept of theranostics in 1998, the field has constantly evolved. With a unique amalgamation of diagnostic and therapeutic applications, theranostics has gained profound attention from researchers worldwide. More recently, researchers have attempted to augment the paradigm with the concept of “nanotheranostics,” which offers multimodal medical and biomedical applications. “Nanotheranostics” are specially devised drug delivery systems/nanoformulations that comprise nanocarriers/nanoparticles for theranostics applications. “Nanotheranostics” confers special attributes to theranostics, thereby potentiating their efficacy. Spurred on by advances in material chemistry and nanoformulations, scientists have exploited distinctive electrical, magnetic and optical properties of several types of nanocarriers for theranostics applications. The present chapter discusses the nanocarriers of several types for diverse applications in disease state monitoring, treatment monitoring, personalized medicine, image-guided drug delivery, molecular imaging and pharmacogenomics. Besides offering the above-stated advantages, nanotheranostics can offer a safer and more efficient therapy to the patients, obviating redundant treatment and saving overall cost of therapy. Other aspects such as biological processes governing theranostics fundamentals, their applications in several diseases and medical conditions, regulatory aspects, commercial aspects and future perspectives have been discussed in the chapter.

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Abbreviations

CEO:

Chief executive officer

Cy5:

Cyanine 5

E. coli :

Escherichia coli

MUC1:

Mucin1

PDT:

Photodynamic therapy

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

RBCs:

Red blood cells

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

US:

United States of America

USD:

United states dollar

UV:

Ultraviolet

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support (Major Research Project) from Nirma University (NU/Ph.D./Major Res Pro/IP/16-17/669). Mr. Shubham Khot and Ms. Shruti Rawal are also thankful to Nirma University for providing the Junior Research Fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    Shubham Khot, Shruti U. Rawal & Mayur M. Patel

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  1. Shubham Khot
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  2. Shruti U. Rawal
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  3. Mayur M. Patel
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University, New Delhi, India

    Sushama Talegaonkar

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Mahendra Rai

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Khot, S., Rawal, S.U., Patel, M.M. (2020). Theranostics Nanoformulations: Merging Diagnostics and Nanotherapeutics. In: Talegaonkar, S., Rai, M. (eds) Nanoformulations in Human Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41858-8_4

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