Skip to main content

Social Entrepreneurship at the Micro Level: A Study of Botswana

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Social Entrepreneurship and Corporate Social Responsibility

Part of the book series: Management for Professionals ((MANAGPROF))

  • 1100 Accesses

Abstract

The field of Social entrepreneurship is growing at a fast rate today and there is an increased interest in this area of study. This chapter reviews social entrepreneurship, specifically looking at the definition, theories, features, and lessons, based on a case study of Botswana. It adds to the growing literature and the increasing interest in social entrepreneurship, particularly in African countries due to the myriad of socioeconomic development challenges that exist in spite of relatively high gross domestic product (GDP) growth rates. A case study conducted in Botswana is the main data source and the hypotheses are generated from a multitude of theoretical perspectives including public goods theory, contract failure theory, institutional theory, and subsidy theory. From the Botswana case study, we see a positive relationship between government policy support and the prevalence of social entrepreneurship.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alter, K. (2006, April 13). Social enterprise typology. Virtue Ventures LLC. Retrieved from http://www.virtueventures.com/setypology.pdf

  • Ashoka. (2010). Support for social entrepreneurship: Innovators for the public. Retrieved from http://www.ashoka.org/support

  • Brundtland Commission. (1987). Our common future: Report by the World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dees, J. G. (1998, October 31). The meaning of social entrepreneurship (pp. 1–6). Retrieved from http://www.caseatduke.org/documents/dees_sedef.pdf

  • Dees, J. G. (2011). Social ventures as learning laboratories. Tennessee’s Business, 20(1), 3–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doherty, B., Haugh, H., & Lyon, F. (2014). Social enterprises as hybrid organizations: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 16, 417. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, P. F. (1985). Innovation and entrepreneurship. New York, NY: Harper Collins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Godfrey, P. C. (2011). Toward a theory of the informal economy. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 231–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gugerty, M. K. (2010). The emergence of nonprofit self-regulation in Africa. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 39(6), 1087–1112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helmsing, B. (2015). Conditions for social entrepreneurship. International Journal of Social Quality, 5(1), 51–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herbst, J. (2000). States and power in Africa: Comparative lessons in authority and control. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Monetary Fund. (2013). World economic outlook database. Retrieved February 3, 2019, from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/index.aspx

  • Jefferis, K. (1998). The new policy on small, medium and micro enterprises. Gaborone: BIDPA Publications. Retrieved from http://www.bidpa.bw/

    Google Scholar 

  • LEA. (2018, April 26). Empowering Botswana SMMEs in Pursuit of Business Development and Economic Diversification. In SMME Pitso and Seminar in Gaborone.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewa, P. M. (1997). The new public management concept and its application in the agriculture sector. MIMEO. USIU - Africa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewa, P. M. (2004). The New Public Management Concept and its application in the Health Sector. A briefing paper to the Training Team at USIU-Africa and the Medical Training Center (MTC) in Nairobi; Galileo College and USIU-Africa Health Sector Training Programme.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lisenda, L. (1997, December). Small and medium-scale enterprises in Botswana: Their characteristics, sources of finance and problems (Working Paper No. 14). BIDPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mair, J., & Marti, I. (2006). Social entrepreneurship research: A source of explanation, prediction, and delight. Journal of World Business, 41, 36–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R. L., & Osberg, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: The case for definition. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 5, 28–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Commerce and Industry. (1999, January). Policy on small, medium and micro enterprises in Botswana. Gaborone: Government Printer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muranda, Z., & Lewa, P. M. (2011). Microenterprises and community linkages: Case study in Botswana. Munich: Siemens Stiftung.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD. (2000). Social enterprises (pp. 1–69). Paris: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD. (2003). Entrepreneurship and local economic development – Programme and policy recommendations. Paris: Author.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rajagopal, & Behl, R. (2019). Innovation, technology, and market ecosystems – managing industrial growth in emerging markets. London: Palgrave.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rana, D., & Farah, T. (2007, August 22). Booklet of standardized small and medium enterprises definition. Washington, DC: USAID.

    Google Scholar 

  • Remenyi, J. (2004). The economics of development. In D. Kingsbury, J. Remenyi, J. Mckay, & J. Hunt (Eds.), Key issues in development. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, A. L. (2009). National versus ethnic identity in Africa: State, group, and individual level correlates of national identification (Afrobarometer Working Papers, 112).

    Google Scholar 

  • Santos, F. (2012). A positive theory of social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 111(3), 335–351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwab Foundation. (2005). What is social entrepreneurship? Retrieved from http://www.schwabfound.org/whatis.htm

  • Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217–226.

    Google Scholar 

  • SMME. (1998, April). Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises Task Force report. Gaborone: Government Printer. Retrieved November 5, 2019, from https://britannica.com/topic/African-socialism

  • Tilley, F., & Young, W. (2009). Sustainable entrepreneurs: Are they the true wealth generators of the future? Greener Management International, 55, 79–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • UN. (2005). UN report. Improving the competitiveness of SMEs through enhancing productive capacity. New York, NY; Geneva: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Venkataraman S. (1997). The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research: an editor’s perspective. In Katz J. et Brockhaus R. (Eds.), Advances in entrepreneurship, firm emergence, and growth, Greenwich, CT. JAI Press, 3, 119–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank. (2004). Social capital for development. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www1.worldbank.org/prem/poverty/scapital/index.htm

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Mutuku, S.M., Mutuku-Kioko, M.M., Murigi, R.M.M., Muna, F.M. (2020). Social Entrepreneurship at the Micro Level: A Study of Botswana. In: Marques, J., Dhiman, S. (eds) Social Entrepreneurship and Corporate Social Responsibility. Management for Professionals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39676-3_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics