Skip to main content

A Review on Recent Developments for the Retinal Vessel Segmentation Methodologies and Exudate Detection in Fundus Images Using Deep Learning Algorithms

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computational Vision and Bio-Inspired Computing ( ICCVBIC 2019)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 1108))

Abstract

Retinal image analysis is considered as a well-known non-intrusive diagnosis technique in modern opthalmology. The pathological changes which occurs due to hypertension, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma can be viewed directly from the blood vessels in retina. The examination of the optic cup-to-disc ratio is the main parameter for detecting glaucoma in the early stages. The significant areas of the fundus images are isolated using the segmentation techniques for deciding the value of cup-to-disc ratio. The deep learning algorithms, such as the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), is often used technique for the analysis of fundus images. The algorithms using the concepts of CNNs can provide better accuracy for the retinal images. This review explains the recent techniques in deep learning relevant for the analysis of exudates.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Cheung, N., Mitchell, P., Wong, T.Y.: Diabetic retinopathy. Lancet 376, 124–136 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Philips, R., Forrester, J., Sharp, P.: Automated detection and qualification of retinal exudates. Gaefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 1231, 90–94 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Gardner, G.G., Keating, D., Williamson, T.H., Elliott, A.T.: Automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy using an artificial neural network: a screening tool. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 80, 940–944 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. LeCun, Y., Bengio, Y., Hinton, G.: Deep learning. Nature 521(7553), 436–444 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Simonyan, K., Zisserman, A.: Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition. CoRR, vol. abs/1409.1556 (2014). https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.1556

  6. Naqvi, S.A.G., Zafar, M.F., ul Haq, I.: Referral system for hard exudates in eye fundus. Comput. Biol. Med. 64, 217–235 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Walter, T., Klein, J.C., Massin, P., Erginay, A.: A contribution of image processing to the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy-detection of exudates in color fundus images of the human retina. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 21(10), 1236–1243 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Niemeijer, M., van Ginneken, B., Russell, S.R., Suttorp-Schulten, M.S., Abramoff, M.D.: Automated detection and differentiation of drusen, exudates, and cotton-wool spots in digital color fundus photographs for diabetic retinopathy diagnosis. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48(5), 2260–2267 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sopharak, A., Uyyanonvara, B., Barman, S., Williamson, T.H.: Automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy exudates from non-dilated retinal images using mathematical morphology methods. Comput. Med. Imaging Graph. 32(8), 720–727 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Sanchez, C.I., García, M., Mayo, A., Lopez, M.I., Hornero, R.: Retinal image analysis based on mixture models to detect hard exudates. Med. Image Anal. 13(4), 650–658 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ali, S., Sidibe, D., Adal, K.M., Giancardo, L., Chaum, E., Karnowski, T.P., Mériaudeau, F.: Statistical atlas based exudate segmentation. Comput. Med. Imaging Graph. 37(5–6), 358–368 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Fraz, M.M., Jahangir, W., Zahid, S., Hamayun, M.M., Barman, S.A.: Multi scale segmentation of exudates in retinal images using contextual cues and ensemble classification. Biomed. Sig. Process. Control 35, 50–62 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Cassin, B., Solomon, S.A.B.: Dictionary of Eye Terminology, 2nd edn. Triad Publishing Company, Gainesville (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Bouma, B.E., Tearney, G.J.: Handbook of Optical Coherence Tomography, 1st edn. Marcel Dekker, New York (2001)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. Niemeijer, M., Staal, J.J., Ginneken, B.V., Loong, M., Abramoff, M.D.: DRIVE: digital retinal images for vessel extraction (2004). http://www.isi.uu.nl/Research/Databases/DRIVE/

  16. Hoover, A., Kouznetsova, V., Goldbaum, M.: Locating blood vessels in retinal images by piecewise threshold probing of a matched filter response. IEEE Trans. on Med. Imaging 19(3), 203–210 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. MESSIDOR: Methods for Evaluating Segmentation and Indexing techniques Dedicated to Retinal Ophthalmology (2004). http://messidor.crihan.fr/index-en.php

  18. Zhang, Z., Yin, F.S., et al.: ORIGA–light: an online retinal fundus image database for glaucoma analysis and research. In: Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2010, Buenoa Aires, Argentina, September, pp. 3065–3068. IEEE (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Geeta Ramani, R., Balasubramanian, L.: Retinal blood vessel segmentation employing image processing and data mining techniques for computerized retinal image analysis. Biocybern. Biomed. Eng. 36, 102–118 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Litjens, G., Kooi, T., Bejnordi, B.E., Setio, A.A.A., Ciompi, F., Ghafoorian, M., Van Der Laak, J.A.W.M., van Ginneken, B., Sánchez, C.I.: A survey on deep learning in medical image analysis. Medical Image Anal. 42, 60–88 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Khojasteh, P., Aliahmad, B., Kumar, D.K.: A novel color space of fundus images for automatic exudates detection. Biomed. Sig. Process. Control 49, 240–249 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Chen, B., Wang, L., Sun, J., Chen, H., Fu, Y., Lan, S.: Diverse lesion detection from retinal images by subspace learning over normal samples. Neurocomputing 297, 59–70 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Long, S., Huang, X., Chen, Z., Pardhan, S., Zheng, D.: Automatic detection of hard exudates in color retinal images using dynamic threshold and SVM classification: algorithm development and evaluation. BioMed Res. Int. (2019). http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3926930

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Badawi, S.A., Fraz, M.M.: Multiloss function based deep convolutional neural network for segmentation of retinal vasculature into arterioles and venules. BioMed Res. Int. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4747230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Almotiri, J., Elleithy, K., Elleithy, A.: A Multi-anatomical retinal structure segmentation system for automatic eye screening using morphological adaptive fuzzy thresholding. IEEE J. Transl. Eng. Health Med. 6, 1–23 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Fu, H., Cheng, J., Xu, Y., Zhang, C., Wong, D.W.K., Liu, J., Cao, X.: Disc-aware ensemble network for glaucoma screening from fundus image. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 37(11), 2493–2501 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Silpa Ajith Kumar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Ethics declarations

✓ All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

✓ No humans/animals involved in this research work.

✓ We have used our own data.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kumar, S.A., Satheesh Kumar, J. (2020). A Review on Recent Developments for the Retinal Vessel Segmentation Methodologies and Exudate Detection in Fundus Images Using Deep Learning Algorithms. In: Smys, S., Tavares, J., Balas, V., Iliyasu, A. (eds) Computational Vision and Bio-Inspired Computing. ICCVBIC 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1108. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37218-7_143

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics