Abstract
Ammonia has been produced over the last centuries in several ways, with the Haber–Bosch process leading current production due to its efficiency and feasible deployment. However, previous to the leading positioning of the Haber–Bosch process, ammonia used to be manufactured using coal-based gas works. Coke, a remnant of the process, has been widely used for steel production processes, thus making reasonable the integration of these gas facilities into the production of steel for better economic profiles. Although this ammonia production process is currently used only in a minor share of the total ammonia market, there are locations where it is still employed to obtain the chemical for fertilizing applications. This chapter is dedicated to the production of ammonia from such steelworks, detailing some of the history, fundamental and current trends behind the process that set the foundations of ammonia as one of the main global chemicals. Steel, which will still be produced over decades, can indirectly provide a chemical that supports a more sustainable agenda if better process integration is achieved, minimizing emissions and energy losses.
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Acknowledgements
Cardiff University gratefully acknowledges the support from the Welsh European Funding Office (WEFO) through its programme “Flexible Integrated Energy Systems (FLEXIS)”, project no. 80835. REFERENCES NEED TO BE AMENDED. - REF 3 HAS "COMMAS", AND INSTEAD OF HAVING [ONLINE] IT SAYS -AVAILABLE ONLINE-, REF 5 ONLY 1 "COMMA".
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Valera-Medina, A., Roldan, A. (2020). Ammonia from Steelworks. In: Inamuddin, Boddula, R., Asiri, A. (eds) Sustainable Ammonia Production. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35106-9_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35106-9_4
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