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Nanoparticles for Cornea Therapeutic Applications: Treating Herpes Simplex Viral Infections

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Nanoengineering Materials for Biomedical Uses

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Abstract

Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) infections in the eye often originate in the cornea before assuming a latent state in the trigeminal ganglion. During primary infection and upon injury or reactivation, HSV-1 can lead to significant corneal damage. Nanoparticles (NPs) are an emerging strategy for drug delivery to the cornea because they improve the long-term release of anti-HSV-1 drugs, such as nucleoside analogues. Acyclovir, ganciclovir, and valacyclovir have been successfully delivered using both polymer and lipid-based NPs in vitro. Solid silica dioxide NPs have been used to deliver the cathelicidin, LL-37, which prevented HSV-1 infection in corneal epithelial cells. Iron oxide nanoparticles have also been adapted to deliver an anti-HSV-1 DNA vaccine that successfully reduced corneal opacity and HSV-1 markers in a mouse model. Overall, NPs show promise as a delivery method for anti-HSV-1 strategies.

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Acknowledgements

The authors have no conflict of interest. FS is supported by a FRQNT PhD studentship. FXG is supported by a (Berthe Fouassier) France Foundation studentship. MG holds the Caroline Durand Foundation Research Chair for Cellular Therapy of Diseases of the Eye, Université de Montréal.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada

    Fiona Simpson, Isabelle Brunette & May Griffith

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada

    Fiona Simpson & May Griffith

  3. Centre de Recherche, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5690 Boulevard Rosemont, Montréal, QC, H1T 2H2, Canada

    Fiona Simpson, Isabelle Brunette & May Griffith

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Grenoble Alpes University, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700, La Tronche, Grenoble, France

    François-Xavier Gueriot

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  1. Fiona Simpson
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  2. François-Xavier Gueriot
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  3. Isabelle Brunette
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  4. May Griffith
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Correspondence to May Griffith .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Emilio I. Alarcon

  2. Center for Applied Nanotechnology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, RM, Chile

    Manuel Ahumada

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Simpson, F., Gueriot, FX., Brunette, I., Griffith, M. (2019). Nanoparticles for Cornea Therapeutic Applications: Treating Herpes Simplex Viral Infections. In: Alarcon, E., Ahumada, M. (eds) Nanoengineering Materials for Biomedical Uses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31261-9_8

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