Abstract
The anti-naturalistic attitude of the phenomenological attitude is closed to the aesthetic attitude of the artist who shows no interest in the epistemologicalontological aspect as well as the pragmatic aspect of worldly objects. Husserl came to the awareness of the specific character of the phenomenological attitude he had adopted since a decade when he discovered the proximity of the attitude of an artist with his own philosophical attitude in 1907 through the encounter with the art work of his relative Hugo van Hofmannsthal, the famous Austrian playwright and poet. In order to shed light on Husserl’s important discovery, this essay will start by elucidating the basic essential characteristic of the aesthetic attitude provided by the famous contemporary Chinese aesthetic philosopher Zhu Guangqian. With Zhu’s elucidation of the aesthetic attitude in mind, we will try to show not only the proximity of the phenomenological attitude with the aesthetic attitude, but also the interwoven usage of imagination and perception in Husserl’s phenomenological method. This will also help us to understand why the study of art work occupies a privileged place in the phenomenological movement after Husserl.
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Notes
- 1.
The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian, Vol. 2 (Hefei: Education Press of Anhui) (《朱光潛全集》, 第二卷(合肥:安徽教育出版社)), 1987, p. 9.
- 2.
The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian, Vol. 2 (《朱光潛全集》, 第二卷), 1987, p. 10.
- 3.
The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian, Vol. 2 (《朱光潛全集》, 第二卷), pp. 10–11.
- 4.
The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian, Vol. 2 (《朱光潛全集》, 第二卷), p. 11.
- 5.
The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian, Vol. 2 (《朱光潛全集》, 第二卷), p. 11.
- 6.
Edmund Husserl, “Philosophie als strenge Wissenschaft”, originally in Logos , Bd. I, 1910–11, pp. 289–340; later published as monograph bearing the same title, ed. Wilheim Szilasi (Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann, 1965); published also in Aufsätze und Vorträge (1911–1921), Husserliana XXV, ed. Thomas Nenon & Hans Rainer Sepp (Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1987), pp. 3–62.
- 7.
Edmund Husserl, Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie, Erstes Buch: Allgemeine Einfürung in die reine Phänomenologie (Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlage, 1980) (hereafter Ideen I), p. 48; Edmund Husserl, Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy, First Book, General Introduction to a Pure Phenomenology, Eng. Trans. F. Kersten (Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1983) (hereafter Ideas I), p. 53.
- 8.
Ideen I, § 30, p. 53, § 32, p. 56; Ideas I, p. 57, p. 61.
- 9.
Ideen I, § 27, pp. 48–50; Ideas I, pp. 51–53.
- 10.
Ideen I, § 30, p. 53; Ideas I, p. 57.
- 11.
Ideen I, § 31, pp. 54–55; Ideas I, pp. 57–58.
- 12.
Edmund Husserl, Logische Untersuchungen, Band II/1 (Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1980), § 7, pp. 19–22; Logical Investigations, Vol. 1, Eng. Trans. J. N. Findlay (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1970), pp. 263–266.
- 13.
Ideen I, § 33, pp. 58–59; Ideas I, pp. 65–66.
- 14.
Edmund Husserl, Zur Phänomenologie des inneren Zeitbewusstseins (1893–1917), Husserliana X (Den Haag: M. Nijhoff, 1966), p. 4; On the Phenomenology of the Consciousness of Internal Time (1893–1917), Eng. Trans. John Barnett Brough (Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1991), p. 4.
- 15.
Edmund Husserl, Die Idee der Phänomenologie, Husserliana II (Den Haag: M. Nijhoff, 1950), p. 45; The Idea of Phenomenology, Eng. Trans. Lee Hardy (Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1999), p. 34.
- 16.
Hugo von Hofmannsthal (1874–1929) was a member of the extended family of Malvine Husserl, wife of the phenomenological philosopher. He visited Göttingen in December 1906 and gave a lecture on “The Poet and our Time” (“Der Dichter und diese Zeit”) at the University of Göttingen in which Husserl was teaching at that time. Hofmannsthal probably had sent some of his works to Husserl after this visit, and Husserl sent him back a letter of thanks. C.f., “Une lettre de Husserl à Hofmannsthal”, note of the French translator Eliane Escoubas in La Part de l’Oeil, Dossier: Art et phénoménologie, réalizé par Eliane Escoubas, no. 7, 1991, p. 12.
- 17.
“Husserl an von Hofmannsthal, 12. I. 1907”, Edmund Husserl, Briefwechsel, Bd. VII, hrsg. Karl Schuhmann & Elisabeth Schuhmann (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1994), p. 133.
- 18.
“Husserl an von Hofmannsthal, 12. I. 1907”, op. cit., p. 133; emphasis by Husserl. The English translation by the present author is benefited by the French translation of Eliane Escoubas. C.f., La Part de l’Oeil, p. 13.
- 19.
“Husserl an von Hofmannsthal, 12. I. 1907”, op. cit., pp. 133–134. All emphases are by Husserl.
- 20.
“Husserl an von Hofmannsthal, 12. I. 1907”, op. cit., pp. 135.
- 21.
“Husserl an von Hofmannsthal, 12. I. 1907”, op. cit., pp. 135. All emphases are by Husserl.
- 22.
“Husserl an von Hofmannsthal, 12. I. 1907”, op. cit., pp. 135.
- 23.
Edmund Husserl, Erfahrung und Urteil (Hamburg: Felix Meiner Verlag, 1999), p. 319; Experience and Judgment , Eng. Trans. James S. Churchill and Karl Ameriks (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1973), PP. 265–266. All emphases are by Husserl.
- 24.
Edmund Husserl, Erfahrung und Urteil, p. 320; Experience and Judgment, p. 266; English translation slightly modified.
- 25.
Edmund Husserl, Erfahrung und Urteil, p. 320; Experience and Judgment , p. 266; emphasis by Husserl.
- 26.
Edmund Husserl, Formale und Transzendentale Logik, Husserliana XVII (Den Haag: M. Nijhoff, 1974), p. 18; Formal and Transcendental Logic, Eng. Trans. Dorion Cairns (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1969), p. 21.
- 27.
Ideen I, § 4, p. 12; Ideas I, p. 11.
- 28.
Ideen I, § 70, p. 131; Ideas I, p. 159; Eng. Trans. slightly modified.
- 29.
Ideen I, § 70, p. 132; Ideas I, p. 160.
- 30.
Ideen I, § 70, p. 132; Ideas I, p. 160; emphasis by Husserl.
- 31.
Paul Ricoeur, Le conflit des interprétations . Essais d’hérméneutique (Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 1969), p. 12; Conflict of Interpretations. Esssays in Hermeneutics, ed. Don Idhe (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1974), p. 9.
Bibliography
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———. 1965. “Philosophie als strenge Wissenschaft”, originally in Logos, Bd. I, 1910–11, pp. 289–340; later published as monograph bearing the same title, ed. Wilheim Szilasi (Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann, 1965); published also in Aufsätze und Vorträge (1911–1921), Husserliana XXV, ed. Thomas Nenon & Hans Rainer Sepp (Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1987), pp. 3–62.
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Zhu, Guangqian. 1987. The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian, vol. 2. Hefei: Education Press of Anhui (《朱光潛全集》, 第二卷(合肥:安徽教育出版社)).
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Lau, KY. (2020). Aesthetic Attitude and Phenomenological Attitude: From Zhu Guangqian to Husserl. In: Lau, KY., Nenon, T. (eds) Phenomenology and the Arts: Logos and Aisthesis. Contributions to Phenomenology, vol 109. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30866-7_2
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