Abstract
The main function of the uterine tubes is to assist in the transfer and transport of the fertilized oocte from the site of fertilization in the tubal ampulla to the uterus.
The walls of the fallopian tubes consist of three main layers: isthmus, ampulla, and infundibulum.
Different anatomical parts have the following physiological roles: myosalpinx: ovum transport, innervation: might function as adrenergic sphincter, mucosa: provides a supportive environment, uterotubal junction: distal isthmus is not critical to reproduction, fimbria: special role of ovum pickup.
Different pathologies are described in the literature: PID (both acute and chronic), salpingitis isthmica nodosa, endosalpingiosis, ectopic pregnancy, tubal carcinoma, and miscellaneous reasons for proximal tubal occlusion.
In the era of IVF the tube still has an important physiological role and can be preserved and treated in many pathologies to assure future fertility
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Cohen, S.B., Raimondo, G. (2020). Hysteroscopy and Tubal Pathologies. In: Tinelli, A., Alonso Pacheco, L., Haimovich, S. (eds) Atlas of Hysteroscopy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29466-3_22
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