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Aerogels Through Ultrasonically-Assisted Synthesis

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Springer Handbook of Aerogels

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Abstract

High power ultrasound applied to liquids produces cavities that attain very high temperatures and pressures (“hot spots”). When an alkoxide/water mixture is sonicated, the cavities act as nanoreactors, where the hydrolysis reaction starts. The products (alcohol, water, and silanol) help continue the dissolution of that immiscible mixture. The reactions depend on catalyst content, temperature bath, and alkyl group length. When the resultant sonosol gels, it produces a sonogel; it is denser, with finer and more homogeneous porosity than that of a classic counterpart. Thus, acoustic cavitation makes it possible to obtain nanostructured materials. Sono-aerogels have a high surface-to-volume ratio and are built by small particles (~1 nm radius) and a highly crosslinked network with low surface coverage of –OH radicals. The processing as well as their short-range order at an atomic scale and at a micrometric scale is presented in this chapter. Finally, these materials find application, among others as biomaterials for tissue engineering and for CO2 sequestration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain

    Luis Esquivias

  2. Departamento de Física Aplicada, CASEM, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain

    M. Piñero

  3. Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC), University of Seville, Seville, Spain

    V. Morales-Flórez

  4. Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain

    Nicolás de la Rosa-Fox

Authors
  1. Luis Esquivias
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  2. M. Piñero
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  3. V. Morales-Flórez
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  4. Nicolás de la Rosa-Fox
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luis Esquivias .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bottens, Switzerland

    Michel A. Aegerter

  2. Research and Development, Aspen Aerogels, Inc., Northborough, MA, USA

    Nicholas Leventis

  3. Siloxene AG, Dübendorf, Switzerland

    Matthias Koebel

  4. Aerogel Technologies, LLC, Boston, MA, USA

    Stephen A. Steiner III

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Esquivias, L., Piñero, M., Morales-Flórez, V., de la Rosa-Fox, N. (2023). Aerogels Through Ultrasonically-Assisted Synthesis. In: Aegerter, M.A., Leventis, N., Koebel, M., Steiner III, S.A. (eds) Springer Handbook of Aerogels. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27322-4_33

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