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Idiopathic Gastroparesis

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Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders in Women’s Health

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Abstract

Gastroparesis is a chronic symptomatic disorder of the stomach characterized by delayed emptying without evidence of mechanical obstruction. Symptoms from gastroparesis include nausea, vomiting, early satiety, postprandial fullness, and, in some patients, upper abdominal pain. The three main causes of gastroparesis are diabetic, postsurgical, and idiopathic. Gastroparesis, whatever the etiology, is much more prevalent in females than in males. This chapter will discuss aspects of gastroparesis, particularly idiopathic gastroparesis, with special emphasis to the gender aspects on gastric motility, gastroparesis, symptoms, and treatment. Management of gastroparesis includes assessment and correction of dehydration and malnutrition if present, maintaining nutritional intake, and improvement of symptoms. Diet and nutrition should be managed by oral dietary modifications such as smaller meals, low-fat-containing meals, and low-roughage-containing meals. Medical treatment entails use of prokinetic and antiemetic therapies. For refractory cases, consideration for jejunostomy feeding tube, gastric electric stimulator, and/or pyloromyotomy may need to be considered. Unfortunately, currently approved treatment options do not adequately address the significant clinical need in gastroparesis. Attention should be given to the development of new effective therapies.

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  1. Gastroenterology Section, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Dariush Shahsavari & Henry P. Parkman

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  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Poonam Beniwal-Patel

  2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Reza Shaker

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Shahsavari, D., Parkman, H.P. (2019). Idiopathic Gastroparesis. In: Beniwal-Patel, P., Shaker, R. (eds) Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders in Women’s Health . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25626-5_5

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