Abstract
European institutional actors are increasingly involved in space and security programs. This chapter addresses the programs of institutional actors engaging in space and security activities in Europe, namely, the European Union (EU), the European Space Agency (ESA), and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The recent policy developments in these organizations and European countries as described in chapter “Strategic Overview of Space and Security Governance” of this Handbook are inextricably intertwined with the national programs of the European Member States that are presented in the corresponding chapters of Space and Security Programs in the Largest, Medium-Sized and Smaller European Countries. This chapter includes space activities and programs in the fields of Earth observation (EO); Satellite Communication (SATCOM); Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT); and Space Situational Awareness (SSA).
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The contents of this Chapter and any contributions to the Handbook reflect personal opinions and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Space Agency (ESA).
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Antoni, N., Adriaensen, M., Giannopapa, C. (2020). Institutional Space Security Programs in Europe. In: Handbook of Space Security. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22786-9_112-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22786-9_112-2
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Institutional Space Security Programs in Europe- Published:
- 19 June 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22786-9_112-2
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Institutional Space Security Programs in Europe- Published:
- 27 April 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22786-9_112-1