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Conformance Test Cases for the RDF Mapping Language (RML)

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Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web (KGSWC 2019)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 1029))

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Abstract

Knowledge graphs are often generated using rules that apply semantic annotations to data sources. Software tools then execute these rules and generate or virtualize the corresponding RDF-based knowledge graph. RML is an extension of the W3C-recommended R2RML language, extending support from relational databases to other data sources, such as data in CSV, XML, and JSON format. As part of the R2RML standardization process, a set of test cases was created to assess tool conformance the specification. In this work, we generated an initial set of reusable test cases to assess RML conformance. These test cases are based on R2RML test cases and can be used by any tool, regardless of the programming language. We tested the conformance of two RML processors: the RMLMapper and CARML. The results show that the RMLMapper passes all CSV, XML, and JSON test cases, and most test cases for relational databases. CARML passes most CSV, XML, and JSON test cases regarding. Developers can determine the degree of conformance of their tools, and users determine based on conformance results to determine the most suitable tool for their use cases.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    RMLMapper, https://github.com/RMLio/rmlmapper-java.

  2. 2.

    CARML, https://github.com/carml/carml.

  3. 3.

    Ontario, https://github.com/WDAqua/Ontario.

  4. 4.

    DB2triples, https://github.com/antidot/db2triples.

  5. 5.

    R2RMLParser, https://github.com/nkons/r2rml-parser.

  6. 6.

    Morph-RDB, https://github.com/oeg-upm/morph-rdb.

  7. 7.

    Ontop, https://github.com/ontop/ontop.

  8. 8.

    PostGIS, https://postgis.net/.

  9. 9.

    MonetDB, https://www.monetdb.org/.

  10. 10.

    https://www.w3.org/2001/sw/DataAccess/tests/r2.

  11. 11.

    http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-testcases/.

  12. 12.

    http://w3c.github.io/data-shapes/data-shapes-test-suite/.

  13. 13.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/NOTE-rdb2rdf-test-cases-20120814/.

  14. 14.

    http://purl.org/NET/rdb2rdf-test#.

  15. 15.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/2005/NOTE-test-metadata-20050914/.

  16. 16.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/EARL10/.

  17. 17.

    https://www.mysql.com/.

  18. 18.

    https://www.postgresql.org/.

  19. 19.

    https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server/.

  20. 20.

    http://rml.io/test-cases/#datamodel.

  21. 21.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/EARL10/, with prefix earl.

  22. 22.

    http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/DataAccess/tests/test-manifest#, with prefix mf.

  23. 23.

    https://www.w3.org/2006/03/test-description#, with prefix test.

  24. 24.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat/, with prefix dcat.

  25. 25.

    http://rml.io/ns/test-cases, with prefix rml-tc.

  26. 26.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/r2rml/#inverse.

  27. 27.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/r2rml/#dfn-natural-rdf-literal.

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Acknowledgements

The described research activities were funded by Ghent University, imec, Flanders Innovation & Entrepreneurship (AIO), the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), and the European Union. The work presented in this paper is partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad and EU FEDER funds under the DATOS 4.0: RETOS Y SOLUCIONES - UPM Spanish national project (TIN2016-78011-C4-4-R) and by an FPI grant (BES-2017-082511).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IDLab, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University – imec, Ghent, Belgium

    Pieter Heyvaert, Erik Mannens, Ruben Verborgh & Anastasia Dimou

  2. Ontology Engineering Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    David Chaves-Fraga, Freddy Priyatna & Oscar Corcho

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  1. Pieter Heyvaert
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  2. David Chaves-Fraga
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Correspondence to Pieter Heyvaert .

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  1. Arvato Bertelsmann, Madrid, Spain

    Boris Villazón-Terrazas

  2. Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas, Havana, Cuba

    Yusniel Hidalgo-Delgado

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Heyvaert, P. et al. (2019). Conformance Test Cases for the RDF Mapping Language (RML). In: Villazón-Terrazas, B., Hidalgo-Delgado, Y. (eds) Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web. KGSWC 2019. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1029. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21395-4_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21395-4_12

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