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Gamma-Ray Polarimetry

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Astronomical Polarisation from the Infrared to Gamma Rays

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 460))

Abstract

Gamma-ray polarimetry can provide a powerful diagnostic of the high-energy physics at work in the most extreme sources of the universe: active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, black hole binaries, pulsars, etc. The linear polarisation information of gamma-ray sources is measured using Compton scattering up to a few MeV and the conversion of high-energy photons to electron–positron pairs at higher energies. Thanks to the development of gamma-ray detectors with high position and energy resolution, several balloon-borne and satellite experiments are getting important results with this new astronomical tool.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    One can show from Eq. (5.6) that the uncertainty on the measurement of the polarisation level goes like \(\sigma _\Pi \approx A_{\text{eff}}^{-1} \sqrt {2/N}\), where N is the number of events in the sample (Bernard 2013). So polarimetry always requires significant statistics, especially when the polarisation asymmetry is small.

  2. 2.

    http://www.lasti.u-hyogo.ac.jp/NS-en/facility/bl01/.

  3. 3.

    http://www.tunl.duke.edu/facilities/.

  4. 4.

    http://www.esrf.eu/home/UsersAndScience/Experiments/StructMaterials/ID15A.html.

  5. 5.

    Both the e-ASTROGAM (Tatischeff et al. 2016; De Angelis et al. 2017) and AMEGO (Moiseev and Amego Team 2017) γ-ray telescopes are made up of three detection systems: a silicon tracker composed of a stack of double-sided strip detectors, in which the cosmic γ-rays undergo a Compton scattering or a pair conversion; a calorimeter to absorb and measure the energy of the secondary particles; and a coincidence system to veto the prompt-reaction background induced by charged particles. The e-ASTROGAM calorimeter is a pixelated detector made of a high-Z scintillation material, CsI(Tl), for efficient absorption of Compton scattered γ-rays and e +–e − pairs. The AMEGO calorimeter consists of two subsystems: a segmented CdZnTe (CZT) detector optimised for Compton events and a CsI(Tl) calorimeter similar to that of Fermi LAT. Thanks to the high position and energy resolution of these detectors, both e-ASTROGAM and AMEGO would be able to perform unprecedented polarimetry in the MeV range (see Tatischeff et al. (2018)).

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to warmly thank Lorraine Hanlon and Denis Bernard for fruitful discussions and their constructive comments on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), CNRS/IN2P3, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France

    Vincent Tatischeff

  2. Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA

    Mark L. McConnell

  3. Department of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Southwest Research Institute, Durham, NH, USA

    Mark L. McConnell

  4. CEA/DRF/IRFU/DAp, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France

    Philippe Laurent

  5. Laboratoire APC, Paris Cedex 13, France

    Philippe Laurent

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  1. Vincent Tatischeff
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  2. Mark L. McConnell
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Correspondence to Vincent Tatischeff .

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  1. INAF/IASF - Milan, Milan, Italy

    Roberto Mignani

  2. School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

    Andrew Shearer

  3. Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Center for Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland

    Agnieszka Słowikowska

  4. Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, UK

    Silvia Zane

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Tatischeff, V., McConnell, M.L., Laurent, P. (2019). Gamma-Ray Polarimetry. In: Mignani, R., Shearer, A., Słowikowska, A., Zane, S. (eds) Astronomical Polarisation from the Infrared to Gamma Rays. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 460. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19715-5_5

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