Use of Halophytes for the Remediation of Metal-Affected Soils in Arid Environments

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First Online: 19 September 2020

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Handbook of Halophytes

Fabiola Orrego²

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Abstract

Metal pollution is a long-term and high-scale environmental disturbance that can cause serious effects on soil health, biodiversity, and human communities. One of the alternatives to rehabilitate these areas is phytostabilization, a technique in which plant species are used to decrease the availability of potentially dangerous metals to the environment. However, in metal-affected areas from arid and semiarid ecosystems, a new set of abiotic limitations are introduced. High temperatures, drought, erosion, and soil salinization are some of the conditions that plants have to endure in order to survive and grow in these highly disturbed systems. Recognition of the multiple stressors present in these systems led to necessity of plant candidates with a broad range of tolerances. In response to this challenge, halophyte species were proposed for the phytostabilization of arid and semiarid areas.

In this chapter, I review the main limitations posed by metal-enriched sites areas from arid and semiarid ecosystems and how they translate into abiotic limitations for plant development. After, I will present the main physiological traits that allow halophytes to tolerate the ionic and osmotic components of metal stress and how these strategies change when combined with the abiotic stresses present in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Finally, I will discuss field assays where halophyte species have been successfully grown in contaminated areas in challenging ecosystems.

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Use of Halophytes for the Remediation of Metal-Affected Soils in Arid Environments

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Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Fabiola Orrego

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Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
Marius-Nicusor Grigore

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Botany Department and Centre for Environmental Studies, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
Munir Ozturk

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Orrego, F. (2020). Use of Halophytes for the Remediation of Metal-Affected Soils in Arid Environments. In: Grigore, MN. (eds) Handbook of Halophytes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_122-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_122-1
Received: 28 April 2020
Accepted: 06 May 2020
Published: 19 September 2020
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-17854-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-17854-3
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