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Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe. (Zingiberaceae)

(Syns.: C. malabarica Velay. Amalraj & Mural.; C. pallida Lour.; C. raktakanta Mangaly & M. Sabu; Amomum latifolium Lam.; A. zedoaria Christm.; Costus luteus Blanco; C. nigricans Blanco; Erndlia zerumbet Giseke; Roscoea nigrociliata Hassk.)

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Handbook of 200 Medicinal Plants

Abstract

It is a perennial herb, that grows in East Indies, India, China, Indonesia and other countries. It could be the 4th type of Jadwár of Ibn Sina (Avicenna) that Dymock et al. referred to in their book Pharmacographia Indica. They also described it as “the Sati and Krachura of Sanskrit writers, and the Zerumbád and Urúk-el-káfúr, “camphor root” of the Arabians.” Fresh rhizome is considered cooling and diuretic, and a remedy for leucorrheal and gonorrheal discharges, and as a blood purifier. In Sri Lanka, the rhizome is used as tonic and carminative, while the Arabs considered it a tonic and aphrodisiac.XXXVI At one time, the Dispensatory of the United States mentioned it as a gastrointestinal stimulant in flatulent colic and other digestive disorders. In China, it is known as E’Zhu but the rhizomes from C. aromatica are also called E’Zhu . It is considered pungent, bitter and “warm;” and is credited with ‘vital-energy-stimulant,’ ‘stasis-deobstruent,’ digestant and analgesic properties, and mainly used in the treatment of distention and abdominal pain associated with dyspepsia, abdominal pain due to blood stasis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, and wounds and injuries. Hsu named it O-chu, a digestant that dispels stagnant blood and smooth the “Qi.” However, despite its widespread traditional use, it is contraindicated during pregnancy. In Japan, it has traditionally been used to treat gastrointestinal diseases as an aromatic and stomachic drug, and is currently used to treat alcohol-induced loss of appetite and nausea. In Bulacan Province of the Philippines, fresh rhizomes are burnt and the ash is applied to wounds, ulcers and sprains. Also, the juice of fresh rhizomes is used effectively for certain forms of dermatitis and topically applied to stomach as stomachic. Major components isolated from the rhizomes include zedoarone, curdione, neocurdione, curzeone, aerugidiol, epicurcumol, curzerene, pyrocurcuzerenone, curcumin, curcumenol, curcumenone, zedoaronediol, dehydrocurdione, furanodienone, furanodiene, zederone, comosone II, zerumin A, curcumanolide A, curcuzedoalide, and calcaratarin A. Consumption of an herbal tea by low to moderately hypercholesterolemic Pakistani patients for two months lowered body weight, BMI, TC, LDL-C, and TGs, and increased HDL-C.

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  1. Stockton, CA, USA

    Shahid Akbar

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Akbar, S. (2020). Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe. (Zingiberaceae). In: Handbook of 200 Medicinal Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16807-0_84

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