Abstract
Magnetic materials have received much attention due to their use in various applications such as biomedical, waste water treatment, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic applications. Among the magnetic materials, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the finest choice, due to their easy preparation process and flexible magnetic characteristics with adjustable morphology and size. Surface modifications of Fe3O4 MNPs with suitable surface modifier are necessary to utilize the hybrid materials for any specific required applications. The selection of surface modifier is important, as it is having a major role for the specific applications. The MNPs with higher saturation magnetization are essential for any magnetic field-assisted applications even with the surface modifier. In this chapter, the progresses on the surface modifications of Fe3O4 for the potential use in the heavy metal ion and radioactive toxin ion removal from water solutions are discussed. The possibility for the development of highly magnetic surface-modified MNPs of Fe–Fe3O4–Prussian blue system as a recoverable adsorbent is proposed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alqadami AA, Naushad M, Abdalla MA et al (2016a) Adsorptive removal of toxic dye using Fe3O4−TSC nanocomposite: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. J Chem Eng Data 61(11):3806–3813. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.6b00446
Alqadami AA, Naushad M, Abdalla MA et al (2016b) Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4 @TSC nanocomposite: highly efficient removal of toxic metal ions from aqueous medium. RSC Adv 6:22679–22689. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA27525C
Alqadami AA, Naushad M, Abdalla MA et al (2017a) Efficient removal of toxic metal ions from wastewater using a recyclable nanocomposite: a study of adsorption parameters and interaction mechanism. J Clean Prod 156:426–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.085
Alqadami AA, Naushad M, Alothman ZA, Ghfar AA (2017b) Novel metal-organic framework (MOF) based composite material for the sequestration of U(VI) and Th(IV) metal ions from aqueous environment. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(41):36026–36037. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b10768
Arisaka M, Nankawa T (2012) Preparation of a film of copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles for electrochemical removal of cesium from radioactive wastewater. Electrochem Commun 25:23–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2012.09.012
Arun T, Joseyphus RJ (2014) Prussian blue modified nanoparticles for Cs detoxification. J Mater Sci 49:7014–7022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8406-x
Arun T, Prakash K, Kuppusamy R, Joseyphus RJ (2013) Magnetic properties of Prussian blue modified Fe3O4 nanocubes. J Phys Chem Solids 74:1761–1768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.07.005
Atta AM, Akl ZF (2015) Removal of thorium from water using modified magnetite nanoparticles capped with rosin amidoxime. Mater Chem Phys 163:253–261
Ballav N, Choi HJ, Mishra SB, Maity A (2014) Synthesis, characterization of Fe3O4@glycine doped polypyrrole magnetic nanocomposites and their potential performance to remove toxic Cr(VI). J Ind Eng Chem 20:4085–4093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.01.007
Barton GB, Hepworth JL, McClanahan ED, Moore RL, VanTuyl HH (1958) Chemical processing wastes, recovering fission products. J Ind Eng Chem 50:212–216. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50578a039
Bean CP, Livingston JD (1959) Superparamagnetism. J Appl Phys 30:S120–S129. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2185850
Bhaumik M, Setshedi K, Maity A, Onyango MS (2013) Chromium(VI) removal from water using fixedbed column ofpolypyrrole/Fe3O4 nanocomposite. Sep Purif Technol 110:11–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.02.037
Bjørnerud A, Johansson L (2004) The utility of superparamagnetic contrast agents in MRI: theoretical consideration and applications in the cardiovascular system. NMR Biomed 17:465–477. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.904
Bramfitt BL, Benscoter AO (2002) Metallographer’s guide: practice and procedures for iron and steels. ASM International, Materials Park
Chai L, Wang Y, Zhao N, Yang W (2013) Sulfate-doped Fe3O4/Al2O3 nanoparticles as a novel adsorbent for fluoride removal from drinking water. Water Res 47:4040–4049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.057
Chang YC, Chen DH (2005) Preparation and adsorption properties of monodisperse chitosan-bound Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles for removal of Cu(II) ions. J Colloid Interface Sci 283:446–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2004.09.010
Chang CY, Chau LK, Hu WP, Wang CY, Liao JH (2008) Nickel hexacyanoferrate Multilayer’s on functionalized mesoporous silica supports for selective sorption and sensing of cesium. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 109:505–512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2012.09.012
Chen CT, Chen YC (2005) Fe3O4/TiO2 core/shell nanoparticles as affinity probes for the analysis of phospho peptides using TiO2 surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 77:5912–5919. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac050831t
Chen H, Kaminski MD, Liu X, Mertz CJ, Xie Y, Torno MD, Rosengart AJ (2007) A novel human detoxification system based on nanoscale bioengineering and magnetic separation techniques. Med Hypotheses 68:1071–1079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2005.04.047
Chen L, Zhao D, Chen S, Wang Z, Chen C (2016) One-step fabrication of amino functionalized magnetic graphene oxide composite for uranium(VI) removal. J Colloid Interface Sci 472:99–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.044
Chen Z, Wang J, Pu Z, Zhao Y, Jia D, Chen H, Wen T, Hu B, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang X (2017) Synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 CFA composites for the efficient removal of U(VI) from wastewater. Chem Eng J 320:448–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.03.074
Cheng Z, Gao Z, Ma W, Sun Q, Wang B, Wang X (2012) Preparation of magnetic Fe3O4 particles modified sawdust as the adsorbent to remove strontium ions. Chem Eng J 209:451–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.078
Cullity BD (2009) Introduction to magnetic materials. Wiley, Hoboken
Daneshvar E, Vazirzadeh A, Niazi A et al (2017) Desorption of Methylene blue dye from brown macroalga: effects of operating parameters, isotherm study and kinetic modeling. J Clean Prod 152:443–453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.119
Daraei P, Madaeni SS, Ghaemi N, Salehi E, Khadivi MA, Moradian R, Astinchap B (2012) Novel polyethersulfone nanocomposite membrane prepared by PANI/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with enhanced performance for Cu(II) removal from water. J Membr Sci 415–416:250–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2012.05.007
Delchet C, Tokarev A, Dumail X, Toquer G, Barre Y, Guari Y, Guerin C, Larionova J, Grandjean A (2012) Extraction of radioactive cesium using innovative functionalized porous materials. RSC Adv 2:5707–5716. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2RA00012A
D’Souza AJ, Schowen RL, Topp EM (2004) Polyvinylpyrrolidone-drug conjugate: synthesis and release mechanism. J Control Release 94:91–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2003.09.014
Elwakeel KZ, Guibal E (2015) Selective removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution by functionalized magnetic-macromolecular hybrid material. Chem Eng J 281:345–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.05.110
Emery JF, Reynolds SA, Wyatt EI, Gleason GI (1972) Half-lives of radionuclides. IV. Nucl Sci Eng 48:319–323. https://doi.org/10.13182/NSE72-A22489
Fan FL, Qin Z, Bai J, Rong WD, Fan FU, Tian W, Wu XL, Wang Y, Zhao L (2012) Rapid removal of uranium from aqueous solutions using magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 composite particles. J Environ Radioact 106:40–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.11.003
Feng L, Cao M, Ma X, Zhu Y, Hu C (2012) Superparamagnetic high-surface-area Fe3O4 nanoparticles as adsorbents for arsenic removal. J Hazard Mater 217–218:439–446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.073
Ge F, Li MM, Ye H, Zhao BX (2012) Effective removal of heavy metal ions Cd2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ from aqueous solution by polymer-modified magnetic nanoparticles. J Hazard Mater 211–212:366–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.12.013
Ghasemi E, Sillanpää AHM (2017) Superparamagnetic Fe3O4@EDTA nanoparticles as an efficient adsorbent for simultaneous removal of Ag(I), Hg(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) from water and soil environmental samples. Microchem J 131:51–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2016.11.011
Gu FX, Karnik R, Wang AZ, Alexis F, Nissenbaum EL, Hong S, Langer RS, Farokhazad OC (2007) Targeted nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Nano Today 2:14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1748-0132(07)70083-X
Guo L, Ye P, Wang J, Fu F, Wu Z (2015) Three-dimensional Fe3O4-graphene macroscopic composites for arsenic and arsenate removal. J Hazard Mater 298:28–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.011
Gupta AK, Wells S (2004) Surface-modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery: preparation, characterization, and cytotoxicity studies. IEEE Trans NanoBiosci 3:66–73. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2003.820277
Hergt R, Hiergeist R, Hilger I, Kaiser WA, Lapatnikov Y, Margel S, Richter U (2004) Maghemite nanoparticles with very high AC-losses for application in RF-magnetic hyperthermia. J Magn Magn Mater 270:345–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.09.001
Hong JY, Oh WK, Shin KY, Kwon OS, Son S, Jang J (2012) Spatially controlled carbon sponge for targeting internalized radioactive materials in human body. Biomaterials 33:5056–5066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.064
Hong HJ, Jeong HS, Kim BG, Hong J, Park IS, Ryu T, Chung KS, Kim H, Ryu J (2016) Highly stable and magnetically separable alginate/Fe3O4composite for the removal of strontium (Sr) from seawater. Chemosphere 165:231–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.034
Hu H, Wang Z, Pan L (2010) Synthesis of monodisperse Fe3O4@silica core–shell microspheres and their application for removal of heavy metal ions from water. J Alloys Compd 492:656–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.11.204
Ishizaki M, Akiba S, Ohtani A, Hoshi Y, Ono K, Matsuba M, Togashi T, Kananizuka K, Sakamoto M, Kawamoto T, Tanaka H, Watanabe M, Arisaka M, Nankawa T, Kurihara M (2013) Proton-exchange mechanism of specific Cs+ adsorption via lattice defect sites of Prussian blue filled with coordination and crystallization water molecules. Dalton Trans 42:16049–16055. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3DT51637G
Jang J, Lee DS (2016) Magnetic Prussian blue nanocomposites for effective Cesium removal from aqueous solution. Ind Eng Chem Res 55:3852–3860. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00112
Laurent S, Forge D, Port M, Roch A, Robic C, Elst LV, Muller RN (2008) Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, stabilization, vectorization, physicochemical characterizations, and biological applications. Chem Rev 108:2064–2110. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr068445e
Lawrence DT, Kirk MA (2007) Chemical terrorism attacks: update on antidotes. Emerg Med Clin North Am 25:567–595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emc.2007.02.002
Li G, Zhao Z, Liu J, Jiang G (2011) Effective heavy metal removal from aqueous systems by thiol functionalized magnetic mesoporous silica. J Hazard Mater 192:277–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.05.015
Li L, Xu M, Chubik M, Chubik M, Gromov A, Wei G, Han W (2015) Entrapment of radioactive uranium from wastewater by using fungus- Fe3O4 bionanocomposites. RSC Adv 5:41611–41616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.034
Li Y, Zhang R, Tian X, Yang C, Zhou Z (2016) Facile synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles decorated on 3D grapheneaerogels as broad-spectrum sorbents for water treatment. Appl Surf Sci 369:11–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.02.019
Li ZJ, Huang ZW, Guo WL, Wang L, Zheng LR, Chai ZF, Shi WQ (2017) Enhanced photocatalytic removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solution by magnetic TiO2/Fe3O4 and its Graphene composite. Environ Sci Technol 51:5666–5674. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05313
Lilga MA, Orth RJ, Sukamto JPH, Haight SM, Schwartz DT (1997) Metal ion separations using electrically switched ion exchange. Sep Purif Technol 11:147–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(97)00017-8
Lilga MA, Orth RJ, Sukamto JPH, Rassat SD, Genders JD, Gopal R (2001) Cesium separation using electrically switched ion exchange. Sep Purif Technol 24:451–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(01)00145-9
Lin Y, Fryxell GE, Wu H, Englhard M (2001) Selective sorption of cesium using self-assembled monolayers on mesoporous supports. Environ Sci Technol 35:3962–3966. https://doi.org/10.1021/es010710k
Liu JF, Shanzhao Z, Binjiang G (2008) Coating Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with humic acid for high efficient removal of heavy metals in water. Environ Sci Technol 42:6949–6954. https://doi.org/10.1021/es800924c
Liu Y, Chen M, Hao Y (2013) Study on the adsorption of Cu(II) by EDTA functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nano-particles, Yan Liu, Man Chen, Yongmei Hao. Chem Eng J 218:46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.12.027
Liu Y, Fu R, Sun Y, Zhou X, Baig SA, Xi X (2016) Multifunctional nanocomposites Fe3O4@SiO2-EDTA for Pb(II) andCu(II) removal from aqueous solutions. Appl Surf Sci 369:267–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.02.043
Lu AH, Salabas EL, Schth F (2007) Magnetic nanoparticles: synthesis, protection, functionalization, and application. Angew Chem Int Ed 46:1222–1244. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200602866
Lubbe AS, Bergemann C, Huhnt W, Fricke T, Riess H, Brock JW, Huhn D (1996) Preclinical experiences with magnetic drug targeting: tolerance and efficacy. Cancer Res 56:4694–4701
Luo X, Cheng C, Luo WS, Dong R, Tu X, Zeng G (2012) Adsorption of As (III) and As (V) from water using magnetite Fe3O4-reduced graphite oxide–MnO2 nanocomposites. Chem Eng J 187:45–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.01.073
Ma D, Guan J, Normandin F, Denommee S, Enright G, Veres T, Simard B (2006) Multifunctional nano-architecture for biomedical applications. Chem Mater 18:1920–1927. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm052067x
Madhu Kumari, Pittman CU, Mohan D (2015) Heavy metals [chromium (VI) and lead (II)] removal from water using mesoporous magnetite (Fe3O4) nanospheres. J Colloid Interface Sci 442:120–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2014.09.012
Mandal M, Kundu S, Ghosh SK, Panigrahi S, Sau TK, Yusuf SM, Pa T (2005) Magnetite nanoparticles with tunable gold or silver shell. J Colloid Interface Sci 286:187–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.013
Mirzabe GH, Keshtkar AR (2015) Application of response surface methodology for thorium adsorption on PVA/Fe3O4/SiO2/APTES nanohybrid adsorbent. J Ind Eng Chem 26:277–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.11.040
Mohapatra A, McGraw G, Morshed B, Jennings J, Haggard W, Bumgardner J, Mishra S (2014) Electric stimulus response of chitosan microbeads embedded with magnetic nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery. In 36th IEEE EMBS Special Topic conference on Healthcare Innovation & Point-of-Care Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA
Mornet S, Vasseur S, Grasset F, Duguet E (2004) Magnetic nanoparticle design for medical diagnosis and therapy. J Mater Chem 14:2161–2175. https://doi.org/10.1039/B402025A
Mu W, Yu Q, Li X, Wei H, Jian Y (2017) Efficient removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ from aqueous solution usinghierarchically structured hexagonal tungsten trioxide coated Fe3O4. Chem Eng J 319:170–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.02.153
Namiki Y, Namiki T, Ishii Y, Koido S, Nagase Y, Tsubota A, Tada N, Kitamoto Y (2012) Inorganic-organic magnetic nanocomposites for use in preventive medicine: a rapid and reliable elimination system for cesium. Pharm Res 29:1404–1418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-011-0628-x
Naushad M, Ahamad T, Sharma G et al (2016) Synthesis and characterization of a new starch/SnO2 nanocomposite for efficient adsorption of toxic Hg2+ metal ion. Chem Eng J 300:306–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.084
Ozmen M, Can K, Arslan G, Tor A, Cengeloglu Y, Ersoz M (2010) Adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution by using modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. Desalination 254:162–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2009.11.043
Pankhurst QA, Connolly J, Jones SK, Dobson J (2003) Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine. J Phys D Appl Phys 36:R167–R181. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/36/13/201
Parab H, Sudersanan M (2011) Engineering a lignocellulosic biosorbent – coir pith for removal of cesium from aqueous solutions: equilibrium and kinetic studies. Water Res 44:854–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.038
Peng GW, Ding DX, Xiao FZ, Wang XL, Hun N, Wang YD, Dai YM, Cao Z (2014) Adsorption of uranium ions from aqueous solution by amine group functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 301:781–788. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3278-8
Prout MS, Provan WM, Green T (1985) Species differences in response to trichloroethylene: I. Pharmacokinetics in rats and mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 79:389–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(85)90137-1
Rassat SD, Sukamto JH, Orth RJ, Lilga MA, Hallen RT (1999) Development of an electrically switched ion exchange process for selective ion separations. Sep Purif Technol 15:207–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(98)00102-6
Ren Y, Abbood HA, He F, Peng H, Huang K (2013) Magnetic EDTA-modified chitosan/SiO2/Fe3O4 adsorbent: preparation, characterization, and application in heavy metal adsorption. Chem Eng J 226:300–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.059
Rengaraj A, Haldorai Y, Puthiaraj P, Hwang SK, Ryu T, Shin J, Han YK, Ahn WS, Huh YS (2017) Covalent Triazine polymer− Fe3O4 Nanocomposite for strontium ion removal from seawater. Ind Eng Chem Res 56:4984–4992. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00052
Sangvanich T, Sukwarotwat V, Wiacek RJ, Grudzien RM, Fryxell GE, Addleman RS, Timchalk C, Yantasee W (2010) Selective capture of cesium and thallium from natural waters and simulated wastes with copper ferrocyanide functionalized mesoporous silica. J Hazard Mater 182:225–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.019
Shan GB, Xing JM, Luo MF, Liu HZ, Chen JY (2003) Immobilization of Pseudomonas delafieldii with magnetic polyvinyl alcohol beads and its application in biodesulfurization. Biotechnol Lett 25:1977–1981. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BILE.0000004388.15751.8c
Shan C, Ma Z, Tong M (2014) Efficient removal of trace antimony(III) through adsorption by hematite modified magnetic nanoparticles. J Hazard Mater 268:229–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.01.020
Shan C, Ma Z, Tong M (2015a) Efficient removal of free and nitrilotriacetic acid complexed Cd(II)from water by poly(1-vinylimidazole)-grafted Fe3O4@SiO2magneticnanoparticles. J Hazard Mater 299:479–485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.024
Shan C, Ma Z, Tong M, Ni J (2015b) Removal of Hg(II) by poly(1-vinylimidazole)-grafted Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles. Water Res 69:252–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.030
Shena YF, Tanga J, Nie ZH, Wang YD, Renc Y, Zuo L (2009) Preparation and application of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for wastewater purification. Sep Purif Technol 68:312–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2009.05.020
Simeonidisa K, Gkinis T, Tresintsi S, Martinez-Boubeta C, Vourlias G, Tsiaoussis I, Stavropoulos G, Mitrakas M, Angelakeris M (2011) Magnetic separation of hematite-coated Fe3O4 particles used as arsenic adsorbents. Chem Eng J 168:1008–1015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.01.074
Skumryev V, Stoyanov S, Zhang Y, Hadjipanayis G, Givord D, Nogues J (2003) Beating the superparamagnetic limit with exchange bias. Nature 423:850–853. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01687
Song W, Liu M, Hu R, Tan X, Li J (2014) Water-soluble polyacrylamide coated- Fe3O4 magnetic composites for high-efficient enrichment of U(VI) from radioactive wastewater. Chem Eng J 246:268–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.02.101
Sorensen CM (2001) In: Klabunde KJ (ed) Magnetism in nano scale materials in chemistry. Wiley-Interscience Publication, New York
Thompson DF, Church CO (2001) Prussian blue for treatment of radiocesium poisoning. Pharmacotherapy 21:1364–1367. https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.21.17.1364.34426
Torad NL, Hu M, Imura M, Naito M, Yamauchi Y (2012) Large Cs adsorption capability of nanostructured Prussian blue particles with high accessible surface areas. J Mater Chem 22:18261–18267. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2JM32805D
Wang J, Zheng S, Shao Y, Liu J, Xu Z, Zhu D (2010) Amino-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell magnetic nanomaterial as a novel adsorbent for aqueous heavy metals removal. J Colloid Interface Sci 349:293–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.05.010
Weller D, Moser A (1999) Thermal effect limits in ultrahigh-density magnetic recording. IEEE Trans Magn 35:4423–4439. https://doi.org/10.1109/20.809134
Wilson A, Mishra SR, Gupta R, Ghosh K (2012) Preparation and photocatalytic properties of hybride core-shell reusable CoFe2O4-ZnO nanospheres. J Magn Magn Mater 324:2597–2601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.02.009
Wu W, He Q, Jiang C (2008) Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and surface functionalization strategies. Nanoscale Res Lett 3:397–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11671-008-9174-9
Xiaodong Xin, Wei Q, Yang J, Yan L, Feng R, Chen G, Du B, Li H (2012) Highly efficient removal of heavy metal ions by amine-functionalized mesoporous Fe O nanoparticles. Chem. Eng. J. 184: 132–140 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.01.016
Xuan S, Jiang W, Gong X, Hu Y, Chen Z (2009) Magnetically separable Fe3O4/TiO2 hollow spheres: fabrication and photocatalytic activity. J Phys Chem C 113:553–558. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp8073859
Yang HM, Jang SC, Hong SM, Lee KW, Roh C, Huh YS, Seo BK (2016) Prussian blue-functionalized magnetic nanoclusters for the removal of radioactive cesium from water. J Alloys Compd 657:387–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.10.068
Yavuz CT, Mayo JT, Yu WW, Prakash A, Falkner JC, Yean S, Cong L, Shipley HJ, Kan A, Tomson M, Natelson D, Colvin VL (2006) Low-field magnetic separation of monodisperse Fe3O4 nanocrystals. Science 314:964–967. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131475
Yoon Y, Park WK, Hwang TM, Yoon DH, Yang WS, Kang JW (2016) Comparative evaluation of magnetite–graphene oxide and magnetite-reduced graphene oxide composite for As(III) and As(V) removal. J Hazard Mater 304:196–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.053
Yuan D, Xiong X, Chen L, Lv Y, Wang Y, Yuan L, Liao S, Zhang Q (2016) Removal of uranium from aqueous solution by phosphate functionalized superparamagnetic polymer microspheres Fe3O4/P(GMA–AA–MMA). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 309:729–741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-4682-4
Zeng H, Li J, Liu JP, Wang ZL, Sun S (2002) Exchange-coupled nanocomposite magnets by nanoparticle self-assembly. Nature 420:395–398. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01208
Zhang S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu Q, Xiao H, Wang X, Xu H, Zhou J (2013) Thiol modified Fe3O4@SiO2 as a robust, high effective, and recycling magnetic sorbent for mercury removal. Chem Eng J 226:30–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.060
Zhao X, Wang J, Wu F, Wang T, Cai Y, Shi Y, Jiang G (2010) Removal of fluoride from aqueous media by Fe3O4@Al(OH)3 magnetic nanoparticles. J Hazard Mater 173:102–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.054
Zhao Y, Li J, Zhao L, Zhang S, Huang Y, Wu X, Wang X (2014) Synthesis of amidoxime-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell magnetic microspheres for highly efficient sorption of U(VI). Chem Eng J 235:275–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.09.034
Zhao D, Zhang Q, Xuan H, Chen Y, Zhang K, Feng S, Alsaedic A, Hayatcd T, Chen C (2017) EDTA functionalized Fe3O4 graphene oxide for efficient removal of U(VI)from aqueous solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 506:300–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.057
Zhao D, Zhu H, Wu C, Feng S, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Chen C (2018) Facile synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4/graphene composites for enhanced U(VI) sorption. Appl Surf Sci 444(30):691–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.03.121
Zheng X, Dou J, Yuan J, Qin W, Hong X, Ding A (2017) Removal of Cs+ from water and soil by ammonium-pillared montmorillonite Fe3O4 composite. J Environ Sci 56:12–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2016.08.019
Zong P, Wang S, Zhao Y, Wang H, Pana H, He C (2013) Synthesis and application of magnetic graphene/iron oxides composite for the removal of U(VI) from aqueous solutions. Chem Eng J 220:45–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.01.038
Acknowledgments
The author T.A and A.A acknowledge FONDECYT Postdoctoral Research Project No. 3170696, Government of Chile, for the financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thirumurugan, A., Akbari-Fakhrabadi, A., Joseyphus, R.J. (2020). Surface Modification of Highly Magnetic Nanoparticles for Water Treatment to Remove Radioactive Toxins. In: Naushad, M., Rajendran, S., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Green Methods for Wastewater Treatment. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 35. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16427-0_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16427-0_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-16426-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-16427-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)