Abstract
Graph embedding has attracted increasing attention due to its critical application in social network analysis. Most existing algorithms for graph embedding utilize only the topology information, while recently several methods are proposed to consider node content information. However, the copious information on edges has not been explored. In this paper, we study the problem of representation learning in node/edge attributed graph, which differs from normal attributed graph in that edges can also be contented with attributes. We propose GERI, which learns graph embedding with rich information in node/edge attributed graph through constructing a heterogeneous graph. GERI includes three steps: construct a heterogeneous graph, take a novel and biased random walk to explore the constructed heterogeneous graph and finally use modified heterogeneous skip-gram to learn embedding. Furthermore, we upgrade GERI to semi-supervised GERI (named SGERI) by incorporating label information on nodes. The effectiveness of our methods is demonstrated by extensive comparison experiments with strong baselines on various datasets.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Dong, Y., Chawla, N.V., Swami, A.: metapath2vec: scalable representation learning for heterogeneous networks. In: KDD, pp. 135–144 (2017)
Grover, A., Leskovec, J.: node2vec: scalable feature learning for networks. In: KDD, pp. 855–864 (2016)
Huang, X., Li, J., Hu, X.: Label informed attributed network embedding. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, pp. 731–739 (2017)
Ji, M., Sun, Y., Danilevsky, M., Han, J., Gao, J.: Graph regularized transductive classification on heterogeneous information networks. In: Balcázar, J.L., Bonchi, F., Gionis, A., Sebag, M. (eds.) ECML PKDD 2010. LNCS, vol. 6321, pp. 570–586. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15880-3_42
Le, T.M., Lauw, H.W.: Probabilistic latent document network embedding. In: ICDM, pp. 270–279 (2014)
Li, C., et al.: PPNE: property preserving network embedding. In: Candan, S., Chen, L., Pedersen, T.B., Chang, L., Hua, W. (eds.) DASFAA 2017. LNCS, vol. 10177, pp. 163–179. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55753-3_11
Li, J., Zhu, J., Zhang, B.: Discriminative deep random walk for network classification. In: ACL, pp. 1004–1013 (2016)
Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., Dean, J.: Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.3781 (2013)
Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G.S., Dean, J.: Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: NIPS, pp. 3111–3119 (2013)
Pachev, B., Webb, B.: Fast link prediction for large networks using spectral embedding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1703.09693 (2017)
Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: DeepWalk: online learning of social representations. In: KDD, pp. 701–710 (2014)
Qi, G.J., Aggarwal, C., Tian, Q., Ji, H., Huang, T.: Exploring context and content links in social media: a latent space method. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 34, 850–862 (2012)
Roweis, S.T., Saul, L.K.: Nonlinear dimensionality reduction by locally linear embedding. Science 290, 2323–2326 (2000)
Sen, P., Namata, G., Bilgic, M., Getoor, L., Galligher, B., Eliassi-Rad, T.: Collective classification in network data. AI Mag. 29, 93 (2008)
Tang, J., Qu, M., Mei, Q.: PTE: predictive text embedding through large-scale heterogeneous text networks. In: KDD, pp. 1165–1174 (2015)
Tang, J., Qu, M., Wang, M., Zhang, M., Yan, J., Mei, Q.: LINE: large-scale information network embedding. In: WWW, pp. 1067–1077 (2015)
Tang, J., Zhang, J., Yao, L., Li, J., Zhang, L., Su, Z.: ArnetMiner: extraction and mining of academic social networks. In: KDD, pp. 990–998 (2008)
Tang, L., Liu, H.: Relational learning via latent social dimensions. In: KDD, pp. 817–826 (2009)
Tu, C., Zhang, W., Liu, Z., Sun, M.: Max-margin deepwalk: discriminative learning of network representation. In: IJCAI, pp. 3889–3895 (2016)
Yang, C., Liu, Z., Zhao, D., Sun, M., Chang, E.Y.: Network representation learning with rich text information. In: IJCAI, pp. 2111–2117 (2015)
Yang, Z., Cohen, W.W., Salakhutdinov, R.: Revisiting semi-supervised learning with graph embeddings. In: ICML, pp. 40–48 (2016)
Zhang, D., Yin, J., Zhu, X., Zhang, C.: Homophily, structure, and content augmented network representation learning. In: ICDM, pp. 609–618 (2016)
Acknowledgement
This work is supported by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Office of Sponsored Research (OSR) under Award No. 2639.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sun, G., Zhang, X. (2019). A Novel Framework for Node/Edge Attributed Graph Embedding. In: Yang, Q., Zhou, ZH., Gong, Z., Zhang, ML., Huang, SJ. (eds) Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. PAKDD 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11441. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16142-2_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16142-2_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-16141-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-16142-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)