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Deciphering Endothelial Dysfunction in the HIV-Infected Population

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Reviews on Biomarker Studies of Metabolic and Metabolism-Related Disorders

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((PMISB,volume 1134))

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), as a possible consequence of endothelial dysfunction, is prevalent among HIV-infected patients despite successful administration of antiretroviral drugs. This warrants the routine clinical assessment of endothelial function in HIV-positive patients to circumvent potential CVD events. Several different non-invasive strategies have been employed to assess endothelial function in clinical research studies yielding inconsistencies among these reports. This review summarises the different techniques used for assessing endothelial function, with a focus on proposed blood-based biomarkers, such as endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-selectin), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), TNF-α, interleukin 6 (IL6) and soluble thrombomodulin (sTM). The identification of suitable blood-based biomarkers, especially those that can be measured using a point-of-care device, would be more applicable in under-resourced countries where the prevalence of HIV is high.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a Postgraduate Training Fellowship from the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD) and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Genevieve Mezoh & Nigel J. Crowther

  2. Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Nigel J. Crowther

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  1. Genevieve Mezoh
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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil

    Paul C. Guest

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Mezoh, G., Crowther, N.J. (2019). Deciphering Endothelial Dysfunction in the HIV-Infected Population. In: Guest, P. (eds) Reviews on Biomarker Studies of Metabolic and Metabolism-Related Disorders. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1134. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12668-1_11

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