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Long-Term Forensic Psychiatric Care: The Dutch Perspective

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Long-Term Forensic Psychiatric Care

Abstract

The Netherlands is one of the few European countries where a formal distinction is made between compulsory clinical forensic psychiatric treatment and long-stay forensic psychiatric care as a specialization within that treatment. This chapter deals with this specific form of long-term forensic psychiatric care, its position in the Dutch forensic psychiatric field, its development and a description of the patient group and the way treatment and care for these patients are realized. Finally, some results from research in this population are mentioned.

This chapter is partly based on an article published in a Belgium journal [1].

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Criteria for imposing a TBS order are a committed offence with a possible sanction of imprisonment of 4 years or more, the presence of a disorder (diagnosed by at least two experts) and the establishment of the relationship between the disorder and the committed offence (Article 237 of the Penal Code).

  2. 2.

    Combination: If a suspect is considered to be partially responsible for the offence, a prison sentence may be imposed in addition to the TBS order. This prison sentence is executed prior to the TBS order. However, in a recent case in 2015, the punishment and TBS order were imposed in reverse order for the first time.

  3. 3.

    The Pompestichting was founded more than 50 years ago. Initially it was a TBS clinic, and later several outpatient clinics were opened. Care was differentiated for various patient groups and treatment took place at multiple locations. The institution is named after Prof. Dr. W.P.J. Pompe, a well-known professor of criminal law at the University of Utrecht and co-founder of what is known in the Netherlands as ‘The Utrecht School’ in criminal law [11].

  4. 4.

    Landelijke Adviescommissie Plaatsing Longstay Forensische Zorg (LAP) in Utrecht.

  5. 5.

    An unwanted foreign national is someone who does not have a Dutch passport and has been labelled as ‘undesirable’ by the Ministry of Justice and Security. This can be the result of, among other things, committing an offence. An unwanted foreign national can be sentenced to a TBS order but can no longer receive LFPC status. Previously this was possible. LFPC patients with such a background are gradually transferred to Veldzicht in order to be expelled to their country of origin, though this may not always be possible.

  6. 6.

    The ‘Yes, unless…’ principle means that an attempt is made to see if a resident’s request can be answered positively (‘Yes’), during which the consequences of the request are assessed in consultation with the resident. (‘unless…’) They hinder or jeopardize the course of affairs when it comes to treatment, guidance and security.

  7. 7.

    Humanitas is an organization consisting of nursing home facilities in the Rotterdam region.

  8. 8.

    A systematic survey is currently being conducted in order to capture the impressions of the residents more objectively.

  9. 9.

    A systematic survey is currently being conducted in order to capture the impressions of the residents more objectively.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pompestichting, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Marjam Veerle Smeekens & Peter Braun

Authors
  1. Marjam Veerle Smeekens
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  2. Peter Braun
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Forensic Psychiatric Hospital, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany

    Birgit Völlm

  2. Pompe Foundation Department LFPC, Forensic Psychiatric Hospital, Zeeland, The Netherlands

    Peter Braun

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Smeekens, M.V., Braun, P. (2019). Long-Term Forensic Psychiatric Care: The Dutch Perspective. In: Völlm, B., Braun, P. (eds) Long-Term Forensic Psychiatric Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12594-3_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12594-3_16

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-12593-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-12594-3

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