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Nanostructured Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biomass Conversion in Green Solvents

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Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications

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Abstract

Currently, several industries worldwide rely on non-renewable resources, which meet about 90% of their energy need. As this is not sustainable in the long term, search for new sources of energy are of great interest and importance in the present scenario. In this regard, catalytic conversion of biomass to value added products is gaining a lot of momentum. Lignocellulosic biomass from plants is a key source for the formation value-added chemicals and biofuels. Cellulose comprises of 40–50% of D-glucose, lignin contains 15–20% of organic polymers of phenols, and hemicellulose is a heterogeneous polymer comprising 25–35% of pentose and hexoses. Lignin is a largest inexhaustible source of aromatic building blocks on the earth and can serve as a starting material for the synthesis of functionalized aromatic compounds to offer suitable alternatives to the universally used, petroleum-derived BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylene). In addition, conversion of glucose and cellulose into various value-added chemicals and fuels, such as various alcohols, gluconic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), lactic acid and pentanoic acid esters, and the conversion of hemicellulose into value-added chemicals, like furfural, furfuryl alcohol and levulinic acid has been studied extensively in recent years. In this chapter, the basic concepts of lignocellulosic conversion into useful chemicals in environment-friendly Green solvents and the recent advancements in the development of nanostructured heterogeneous catalysts have been reviewed. Subsequently, an outlook into the future perspectives is provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, India

    Tripti Chhabra & Venkata Krishnan

Authors
  1. Tripti Chhabra
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  2. Venkata Krishnan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Venkata Krishnan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico

    Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova

  2. Instituto de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Leticia Myriam Torres Martínez

  3. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico

    Boris Ildusovich Kharisov

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Chhabra, T., Krishnan, V. (2020). Nanostructured Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biomass Conversion in Green Solvents. In: Kharissova, O.V., Martínez, L.M.T., Kharisov, B.I. (eds) Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11155-7_115-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11155-7_115-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11155-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-11155-7

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