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Furnace Atmosphere and Dissolved Hydrogen in Aluminium

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Light Metals 2019

Part of the book series: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series ((MMMS))

Abstract

Hydrogen solubility is much higher in liquid than in solid aluminium . Therefore, if the hydrogen concentration in liquid aluminium is too high prior to solidification , there is high risk of gas porosity formation during the solidification . In a gas or oil fired reverberatory furnace for aluminium , combustion produces large amounts of water vapour . The water vapour may react with aluminium forming aluminium oxide and hydrogen gas. This hydrogen gas is then the main source for hydrogen in molten aluminium . Measurements of both water vapour in the furnace atmosphere (combustion off-gas) and dissolved hydrogen in the melt are presented. The measurements are compared to a model for hydrogen concentration in aluminium as function of the measured water vapour concentration. It is concluded that H2O reacts with aluminium to H2 and Al 2O3. 49% of this H2 escapes from the interface to the bulk gas phase, and 51% acts as a source for dissolved hydrogen in the melt.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    It is likely the upper melt layer which exist from a tilting melting or holding furnace . Similar to pouring water containing ice from a mug, into a glass, it is difficult to avoid the ice from leaving the mug.

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Acknowledgements

This research was carried out as part of the Research Council of Norway (RCN) funded BIA Project (No. 269634/O20) BEST. The project includes the partners: Hydro Aluminium AS, Alcoa Norway ANS, Hydro Aluminium AS, HYCAST AS, NTNU, and SINTEF.

The authors also want to thank Bendik Sægrov Sorte and Svend Grådahl at SINTEF for help with the off-gas measurements and last, but not least all the operators at the Research Centre in Hydro Aluminium, Sunndal for their support and practical help during the measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SINTEF Industry, Alfred Getz Vei 2, NO-7034, Trondheim, Norway

    Martin Syvertsen & Anne Kvithyld

  2. Hydro Aluminium, Sunndal, Norway

    Eilif Gundersen & Inge Johansen

  3. NTNU, Trondheim, Norway

    Thorvald Abel Engh

Authors
  1. Martin Syvertsen
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  2. Anne Kvithyld
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  3. Eilif Gundersen
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  4. Inge Johansen
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  5. Thorvald Abel Engh
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Martin Syvertsen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Metal Quality Solutions, LLC, Avonmore, PA, USA

    Corleen Chesonis

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© 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

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Syvertsen, M., Kvithyld, A., Gundersen, E., Johansen, I., Engh, T.A. (2019). Furnace Atmosphere and Dissolved Hydrogen in Aluminium. In: Chesonis, C. (eds) Light Metals 2019. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05864-7_128

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