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Radical Nephrectomy for Localized Renal Tumors: Optimum Oncological and Renal Functional Considerations

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Renal Cell Carcinoma

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

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Abstract

There will be an estimated 58,240 new cases and 13,040 deaths from kidney cancer in the USA in 2010 [1]. Compared to 1971, this represents a fivefold increase in the incidence and twofold increase in the mortality of renal cancer. Associated risk factors for kidney cancer include hypertension, obesity, and African American race. Epidemiological evidence suggests an increase in all stages of renal cancer, including the advanced and metastatic cases. It is now understood that renal cortical tumors are a family of distinct tumors with variable histology, cytogenetic defects, and metastatic potential [2]. Approximately 90% of the tumors that metastasize are the conventional clear cell carcinoma [3]; however, they account for only 54% of the total number of resected tumors. Approximately 30–40% of renal tumor patients will either present with or later develop metastatic disease. The widespread use of the modern abdominal imaging techniques (CT, MRI, and abdominal ultrasound) over the last two decades, usually ordered to evaluate nonspecific abdominal and musculoskeletal complaints or during unrelated cancer care, has changed the profile of the typical renal tumor patient from one with a massive, symptomatic tumor at presentation to one with a small, asymptomatic, renal mass (<4 cm) incidentally discovered in 70% of the cases [4]. A survival rate of 90% or greater, depending on the tumor histology, is expected for these small tumors if partial (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) is performed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Paul Russo MD, FACS

  2. Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Paul Russo MD, FACS

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  1. Paul Russo MD, FACS
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Correspondence to Paul Russo MD, FACS .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Center for Urologic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA

    Steven C. Campbell

  2. College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic Lerner, Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA

    Brian I. Rini

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Russo, P. (2013). Radical Nephrectomy for Localized Renal Tumors: Optimum Oncological and Renal Functional Considerations. In: Campbell, S., Rini, B. (eds) Renal Cell Carcinoma. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-062-5_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-062-5_7

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