Skip to main content

Microstereolithography-Based Computer-Aided Manufacturing for Tissue Engineering

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Book cover Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 868))

Abstract

Various solid freeform fabrication technologies have been introduced for constructing three-dimensional (3-D) freeform structures. Of these, microstereolithography (MSTL) technology performs the best in 3-D space because it not only has high resolution, but also fast fabrication speed. Using this technology, 3-D structures with mesoscale size and microscale resolution are achievable. Many researchers have been trying to apply this technology to tissue engineering to construct medically applicable scaffolds, which require a 3-D shape that fits a defect with a mesoscale size and microscale inner architecture for efficient regeneration of artificial tissue. This chapter introduces the principles of MSTL technology and representative systems. It includes fabrication and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) processes to show the automation process by which measurements from medical images are used to fabricate the required 3-D shape. Then, various tissue engineering applications based on MSTL are summarized.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Lee S-J, Kang H-W, Park JK, Rhie J-W, Hahn SK, Cho D-W (2008) Application of microstereolithography in the development of three-dimensional cartilage regeneration scaffolds. Biomed Microdevices 10(2):233–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Nakamoto T, Yamaguchi K, Abraha PA, Mishima K (1996) Manufacturing of three-dimensional micro-parts by UV laser induced polymerization. J Micromech Microeng 6(2):240–253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Schaeffer P, Bertsch A, Corbel S, Jézéquel JY, André JC (1997) Relations between light flux and polymerized depth in laser stereophotolithography. J Photochem Photobiol A: Chem 107:283–290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Kang H-W, Lee IH, Cho D-W (2004) Development of an assembly-free process based on virtual environment for fabricating 3D micro-fluidic systems using micro-stereolithography technology. Trans ASME: J Manuf Sci Eng 126(4):766–771

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jacobs PF (1992) Rapid prototyping & manufacturing: fundamentals of stereolithography. Society of Manufacturing Engineers in cooperation with the Computer and Automated Systems Association of SME

    Google Scholar 

  6. Sun W, Starly B, Nam J, Darling A (2005) Bio-CAD modeling and its applications in computer-aided tissue engineering. Computer-Aided Design 37:1097–1114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Lee IH, Cho D-W (2003) Micro-stereolithography photopolymer solidification patterns for various laser beam exposure conditions. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 22(5–6):410–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Huang Y-M, Jeng J-Y, Jiang C-P (2003) Increased accuracy by using dynamic finite element method in the constrain-surface stereolithography system. J Mater Process Technol 140:191–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ikuta K, Hirowatari K (1993) Real three dimensional micro fabrication using stereo lithography and metal molding. Proc IEEE MEMS: 42–47

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ikuta K, Hirowatari K, Ogata T (1994) Three dimensional micro integrated fluid systems (MIFS) fabricated by stereo lithography. Proc IEEE MEMS: 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ikuta K, Ogata T, Tsubio M, Kojima S (1996) Development of mass productive micro stereolithography. IEEE: 301–306

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ikuta K, Maruo S, Kojima S (1998) New micro stereo lithography for freely movable 3D micro structure. Proc IEEE MEMS: 290–295

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bertsch A, Bernhard P, Vogt C, Renaud P (2000) Rapid prototyping of small size objects. Rapid Prototyping J 6(4):259–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Bertsch A, Bernhard P, Renaud P (2001) Microstereolithography: concepts and applications. In: Proceedings of the 8th IEEE international conference, vol 2. pp 289–298

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sun C, Fung N, Wu DM, Zhang X (2005) Projection micro-stereolithography using digital micro-mirror dynamic mask. Sen Actuators A 121:113–120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Han L-H, Mapili G, Chen S, Roy K (2008) Projection micro-printing of three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering. Trans ASME, vol 130. pp 021005-1-4

    Google Scholar 

  17. Sanderson JE (1998) Bone replacement and repair putty material from unsaturated polyester resin and vinyl pyrrolidone. United States Patent 4722948, pp 1–14

    Google Scholar 

  18. Cooke MN, Fisher JP, Dean D, Rimnac C, Mikos AG (2002) Use of stereolithography to manufacture critical-sized 3D biodegradable scaffolds for bone ingrowth. J Biomed Mater Res 64B(2):65–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lee JW, Lan PX, Kim B, Lim GB, Cho D-W (2008) Fabrication and characteristic analysis of a poly(propylene fumarate) scaffold using micro-stereolithography technology. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 87(1):1–9

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lee JW, Lan PX, Kim B, Lim GB, Cho D-W (2007) 3D scaffold fabrication with PPF/DEF using micro-stereolithography. Microelectron Eng 84(5–8):1702–1705

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Lee JW, Anh NT, Kang KS, Seol Y-J, Cho D-W (2008) Development of a growth factor-embedded scaffold with controllable pore size and distribution using micro-stereolithography. TERMIS-EU chapter meeting, Porto, Portugal, 22–26 June 2008

    Google Scholar 

  22. Lee K-W, Wang S, Fox BC, Ritman EL, Yaszemski MJ, Lu L (2007) Poly(propylene fumarate) bone tissue engineering scaffold fabrication using stereolithography: effect of resin formulations and laser parameters. Biomacromolecules 8(4):1077–1084

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Kwon IK, Matsuda T (2005) Photo-polymerized microarchitectureal constructs prepared by microstereolithography using liquid acrylated-end-capped trimethylene carbonate-based prepolymers. Biomaterials 26:1675–1684

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Schuster M, Turecek C, Varga F, Lichtenegger H, Stampfl J, Liska R (2007) 3D-shaping of biodegradable photopolymers for hard tissue replacement. Appl Surf Sci 254:1131–1134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lee JW, Lan PX, Seol YJ, Cho D-W (2007) PPF/DEF-HA composite scaffold using micro-stereolithography. TERMIS-EU chapter meeting, London, UK, 4–7 Sept 2007, pp 1745–1746

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mapili G, Lu Y, Chen S, Roy K (2005) Laser-layered microfabrication of spatially patterned functionalized tissue-engineering scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 75(2):414–424

    Google Scholar 

  27. Engelmayr GC, Papworth GD, Watkins SC, Mayer JE, Sacks MS (2006) Guidance of engineered tissue collagen orientation by large-scale scaffold microstructures. J Biomech 39:1819–1831

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Popov VK, Ivanov AL, Roginski VV, Volozhin AI, Howdle SM (2004) Laser stereolithography and supercritical fluid processing for custom-designed implant fabrication. J Mater Sci Mater Med 15:123–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Chu T-MG, Halloran JW, Hollister SJ, Feinberg SE (2001) Hydroxyapatite implants with designed internal architecture. J Mater Sci Mater Med 12:471–478

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Woesz A, Rumpler M, Stampfl J, Varga F, Fratzl-Zelman N, Roschger P, Klauschofer K, Fratzl P (2005) Towards bone replacement materials from calcium phosphates via rapid prototyping and ceramic gelcasting. Mater Sci Eng C 25:181–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Jiankang H, Dichen L, Yaxiong L, Bo Y, Bingheng L, Qin L (2004) Fabrication and characterization of chitosan/gelatin porous scaffolds with predefined internal microstructures. J Mater Sci Mater Med 15:123–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Schuster M, Infuhr R, Turecek C, Stampfl J, Varga F, Liska R (2006) Photopolymers for rapid prototyping of soluble mold materials and molding of cellular biomaterials. Monatsh Chem 137:843–853

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Cabanas MV, Pena J, Roman J, Vallet-Regi M (2006) Room temperature synthesis of agarose/sol–gel glass pieces with tailored interconnected porosity. J Biomed Mater Res A 78A(3):508–514

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Sanchez-Salcedo S, Nieto A, Vallet-Rgi M (2008) Hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate/agarose macroporous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Chem Eng J 137:62–71

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Kang H-W, Cho D-W (2007) Indirect solid freeform fabrication (SFF) using microstereolithography technology. TERMIS-AP, Tokyo, Japan, 3–5 Dec 2007

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dong-Woo Cho .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Cho, DW., Kang, HW. (2012). Microstereolithography-Based Computer-Aided Manufacturing for Tissue Engineering. In: Liebschner, M. (eds) Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 868. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-764-4_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-764-4_21

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-763-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-764-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics