Abstract
In this chapter we describe conventional methods used for preparing renal tissue for transmission electron microscopy. We also describe a relatively new technique, serial block face scanning electron microscopy. Protocols are given for processing, sectioning, and imaging of tissue along with methods for obtaining quantitative data from the results.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Basgen JM et al (1988) Measuring the volume density of the glomerular mesangium. Nephron 50(3):182–186
Gundersen HJ, Jensen TB, Osterby R (1978) Distribution of membrane thickness determined by lineal analysis. J Microsc 113(1):27–43
Gundersen HJ, Osterby R (1977) Glomerular size and structure in diabetes mellitus. II. Late abnormalities. Diabetologia 13(1):43–48
Osterby R (1973) A quantitative electron microscopic study of mesangial regions in glomeruli from patients with short term juvenile diabetes mellitus. Lab Investig 29(1):99–110
Osterby R (1972) Morphometric studies of the peripheral glomerular basement membrane in early juvenile diabetes. I. Development of initial basement membrane thickening. Diabetologia 8(2):84–92
White KE, Bilous RW (2000) Type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy show structural-functional relationships that are similar to type 1 disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 11(9):1667–1673
White KE et al (2002) Podocyte number in normotensive type 1 diabetic patients with albuminuria. Diabetes 51(10):3083–3089
Mauer M et al (2015) Glomerular structural-functional relationship models of diabetic nephropathy are robust in type 1 diabetic patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 30(6):918–923
(2001) Effect of 3 years of antihypertensive therapy on renal structure in type 1 diabetic patients with albuminuria: the European Study for the Prevention of Renal Disease in Type 1 Diabetes (ESPRIT). Diabetes 50(4):843–850
Gilbert RE, Cooper ME (1999) The tubulointerstitium in progressive diabetic kidney disease: more than an aftermath of glomerular injury? Kidney Int 56(5):1627–1637
Steffes MW et al (2001) Glomerular cell number in normal subjects and in type 1 diabetic patients. Kidney Int 59(6):2104–2113
Lemley KV et al (2000) Evolution of incipient nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Kidney Int 58(3):1228–1237
Maunsbach AB (1966) The influence of different fixatives and fixation methods on the ultrastructure of rat kidney proximal tubule cells. II. Effects of varying osmolality, ionic strength, buffer system and fixative concentration of glutaraldehyde solutions. J Ultrastruct Res 15(3):283–309
Weibel ER, Bolender RP (1973) Stereological techniques for electron microscopy. In: Hayat MA (ed) Principles and techniques for electron microscopy. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp 273–296
Nyengaard JR (1999) Stereologic methods and their application in kidney research. J Am Soc Nephrol 10(5):1100–1123
White KE, Bilous RW (2004) Estimation of podocyte number: a comparison of methods. Kidney Int 66(2):663–667
Weibel ER, Gomez DM (1962) A principle for counting tissue structures on random sections. J Appl Physiol 17:343–348
Ichimura K et al (2015) Three-dimensional architecture of podocytes revealed by block-face scanning electron microscopy. Sci Rep 5:8993
Randles MJ et al (2016) Three-dimensional electron microscopy reveals the evolution of glomerular barrier injury. Sci Rep 6:35068
Lemley KV et al (2013) Estimation of glomerular podocyte number: a selection of valid methods. J Am Soc Nephrol 24(8):1193–1202
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
White, K.E. (2020). Sample Preparation and Stereological Methods for the Study of Glomerular Ultrastructure Using Electron Microscopy. In: Gnudi, L., Long, D. (eds) Diabetic Nephropathy. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2067. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9841-8_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9841-8_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9840-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9841-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols