Skip to main content

The InSituPlex® Staining Method for Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Cell Phenotyping and Spatial Profiling of Tumor FFPE Samples

  • Protocol
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2055))

Abstract

Multiplexed immunohistochemistry (mIHC) enables the detection, quantification, and localization of many markers within cell or tissue samples, leading to a better understanding of the architecture of a disease at the cellular level. Current mIHC techniques involve long staining and assay times, require dedicated and/or captive instrumentation, and entail tedious assay optimization, hindering their establishment as routine methods. Here, we demonstrate the use of the InSituPlex® method for spatial profiling of immuno-oncology targets in FFPE tumor tissue with the UltiMapper™ I/O PD-L1 multiplex assay. The panel consists of five protein markers to profile immune infiltration and PD-L1 expression and includes CD8, CD68, PD-L1, pan CK, and SOX10 markers. The assay shows benefits of high and low expression of markers, coexpression and colocalization of proteins in single cells, and completion of staining and image acquisition in 5.5 h. Through the combination of multiplexed characterization of protein expression in whole tissue sections, fast staining workflow, and compatibility with existing instrumentation, the InSituPlex method provides a robust modality for deep phenotyping of the tumor and its microenvironment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. Berthel A, Zoernig I, Valous NA, Kahlert C, Klupp F, Ulrich A et al (2017) Detailed resolution analysis reveals spatial T cell heterogeneity in the invasive margin of colorectal cancer liver metastases associated with improved survival. Oncoimmunology 6(3):e1286436

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Gartrell RD, Marks DK, Hart TD, Li G, Davari DR, Wu A et al (2018) Quantitative analysis of immune infiltrates in primary melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 6(4):481–493

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Feng Z, Puri S, Moudgil T, Wood W, Hoyt CC, Wang C et al (2015) Multispectral imaging of formalin-fixed tissue predicts ability to generate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 3(1):47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Feng Z, Bethmann D, Kappler M, Ballesteros-Merino C, Eckert A, Bell RB et al (2017) Multiparametric immune profiling in HPV- oral squamous cell cancer. JCI Insight 2(14):93652

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Maby P, Tougeron D, Hamieh M, Mlecnik B, Kora H, Bindea G et al (2015) Correlation between density of CD8+ T-cell infiltrate in microsatellite unstable colorectal cancers and frameshift mutations: a rationale for personalized immunotherapy. Cancer Res 75(17):3446–3455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Gerdes MJ, Sevinsky CJ, Sood A, Adak S, Bello MO, Bordwell A et al (2013) Highly multiplexed single-cell analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cancer tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110(29):11982–11987

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Sood A, Miller AM, Brogi E, Sui Y, Armenia J, McDonough E et al (2016) Multiplexed immunofluorescence delineates proteomic cancer cell states associated with metabolism. JCI Insight 1(6)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chattopadhyay PK, Price DA, Harper TF, Betts MR, Yu J, Gostick E et al (2006) Quantum dot semiconductor nanocrystals for immunophenotyping by polychromatic flow cytometry. Nat Med 12(8):972–977

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Chattopadhyay PK, Gaylord B, Palmer A, Jiang N, Raven MA, Lewis G et al (2012) Brilliant violet fluorophores: a new class of ultrabright fluorescent compounds for immunofluorescence experiments. Cytom Part A 81A(6):456–466

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rimm DL (2006) What brown cannot do for you. Nat Biotechnol 24(8):914–916

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Tóth ZE, Mezey É (2007) Simultaneous visualization of multiple antigens with Tyramide signal amplification using antibodies from the same species. J Histochem Cytochem 55(6):545–554

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Stack EC, Wang C, Roman KA, Hoyt CC (2014) Multiplexed immunohistochemistry, imaging, and quantitation: a review, with an assessment of Tyramide signal amplification, multispectral imaging and multiplex analysis. Methods 70(1):46–58

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Long DJ, Buggs C, Buggs C (2008) Microwave oven-based technique for immunofluorescent staining of paraffin-embedded tissues. J Mol Histol 39(1):1–4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Buchwalow IB, Minin EA, Boecker W (2005) A multicolor fluorescence immunostaining technique for simultaneous antigen targeting. Acta Histochem 107(2):143–148

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhang W, Hubbard A, Jones T, Racolta A, Bhaumik S, Cummins N et al (2017) Fully automated 5-plex fluorescent immunohistochemistry with tyramide signal amplification and same species antibodies. Lab Investig 97(7):873–885

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lin J-R, Izar B, Wang S, Yapp C, Mei S, Shah PM et al (2018) Highly multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging of human tissues and tumors using t-CyCIF and conventional optical microscopes. elife 7:e31657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Lin J-R, Fallahi-Sichani M, Sorger PK (2015) Highly multiplexed imaging of single cells using a high-throughput cyclic immunofluorescence method. Nat Commun 6(1):8390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Angelo M, Bendall SC, Finck R, Hale MB, Hitzman C, Borowsky AD et al (2014) Multiplexed ion beam imaging of human breast tumors. Nat Med 20(4):436–442

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Levenson RM, Borowsky AD, Angelo M (2015) Immunohistochemistry and mass spectrometry for highly multiplexed cellular molecular imaging. Lab Investig 95(4):397–405

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Giesen C, Wang HAO, Schapiro D, Zivanovic N, Jacobs A, Hattendorf B et al (2014) Highly multiplexed imaging of tumor tissues with subcellular resolution by mass cytometry. Nat Methods 11(4):417–422

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sean R. Downing .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Manesse, M., Patel, K.K., Bobrow, M., Downing, S.R. (2020). The InSituPlex® Staining Method for Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Cell Phenotyping and Spatial Profiling of Tumor FFPE Samples. In: Thurin, M., Cesano, A., Marincola, F. (eds) Biomarkers for Immunotherapy of Cancer. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2055. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9773-2_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9773-2_26

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9772-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9773-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics